The finance and investment sector cannot justify its social and economic dexterity unless the needs of the underprivileged sections of the society are addressed to in a comprehensive and apt manner. We have been talking about poverty, discussing about the ways to overcome this curse, and adding abrupt measures as tools for betterment of the poor. To name a few of these tools, food and employment security schemes deserve a special mention. However, what purpose do these schemes solve? Ways have to be identified that are enduring and promising. Inclusion of India’s seven microfinance institutions in the list of world’s top 50 Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) is not just encouraging, this also evidences that endeavors are being made in the appropriate direction.

Banks, which serve as the backbone of any economy, procure savings from household and allocate these funds in form of credits to reliable borrowers. However, the poor and those unable to provide collateral for the credit rarely benefit. This is where the microfinance institutions step in, recognize the needs of the deprived section, and extend funds. The term ‘microfinance’ refers to relatively small credit, savings, insurance, and other financial services, which serve exclusively the economically deprived sections of community. In India, to undertake the task of attending the financial sector needs of the poor, several delivery models have emerged, though every of these have their own limitations.

Let us discuss a few. SHGs (Self Help Groups) comprise of members from similar social strata and aim at pooling small savings of the households and extending funds out of these deposits to the member/s of the group. The Federated Self Help Group model is an extension of the SHGs in a way that multiple SHGs are brought together and then pooled funds are rotated within the enlarged group. Next, are the Gramin Banks that serve the needs of rural finance with attributes like low transaction costs, no collateral, and repayment in small and short intervals. Co-operative models too contribute in a way that human and financial resources are united and the group manages its own fiscal needs.

Microfinance institutions, a source of finance for the poor are heterogeneous groups registered as NBFCs, societies, trusts, or Section 25 companies. Turning out as the most proficient source of financial inclusion of the underprivileged, MFIs too suffer from multiple drawbacks. The foremost is the restricted outreach in a manner that these institutions serve the needs of the women on priority considering them as potential and reliable borrowers and savers. Next comes the high level of interest rates that demotivate rural inhabitants to borrow. The interest rates are high owing to the fact that MFIs rarely receive any subsidized credit and hence recover their costs of operations from the borrowers. Another concern is the focus of MFIs on poor in the rural areas with almost nil measures for the urban poor.

Client retention, high costs of transactions, credit defaults, delayed payments, frauds, weak loan collection procedures, and geographical factors are some other prominent bottlenecks in the functioning. It is vital to note that studies in the MFI sector reveal that core poor are rarely being served with the any real benefits. The states of Bihar, U.P., Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Uttaranchal, and Chhattisgarh, which embrace almost 53.5 percent of poor in India, hold only 23.6 percent share of the total microfinance outreach in India. Another fact is that the average amount of funds extended to the members of MFIs and SHGs is not more than INR 4000, which rarely can serve the financial needs of the section.

The government and the authorities will have to come up with workable solutions for the sector, sooner than later. The priority task can be defined as setting up of a regulatory body for the MFIs, which currently are under the purview of state governments. Another key task is to educate the beneficiaries of the programme with regards to their prospects for credit, along with enlightening them about the repayment parameters. Plus, balance has to be ensured in terms of micro financing in rural and urban parts of the nation. It has to be realized that almost 41 percent of the population is deprived of banking facilities. Thus, measures like MFIs will have to be pushed with elevated pace and synergy. The Micro Finance Bill, which has been rotating from one department to the other for approval now calls for urgent sanction.

The UPA 2 government might have concealed the failures of many years by coming up with a Bill that assures food to all. The actual picture, however, is quite distinct. In case this had been such an easy and advantageous scheme, the administrators would not have delayed this for decades. Plus, what else could a human expect? Food is now almost guaranteed. However, producing, procuring, distributing, and managing foodgrains call in for labors and outlays. Thus, the scheme might look too lucrative; execution of this would demand sweats. Remember, procuring food for two third population of India at excessively cheap rates, and that too when the upcoming monsoon does not promise proper yields would be one of the most threatening tasks for the new government at the center. Though, the implementation of the scheme would call in for elevated pains, the new government now cannot even back out.

This isn’t all. Ever since the democracy witnessed government elected by the people, products and industries have been subsidized. Ranging from fuel to food and education to health, subsidies are a part of every other domain. The motive is to ensure that the general public can procure basic necessities at manageable rates. On the contrary, the World Bank criticized the subsidy culture of India and commented that this has enhanced the incompetence of the Indian economy. The union government of India funds almost USD 60 billion from the revenue generated to the subsidy programmes. Realizing the adverse impact of subsidies, the chairman of PM’s Advisory Council advocated trimming down of fuel and fertilizers subsidies so as to maintain fiscal deficit within the budgeted level. The new government post the 16th will have to consider all the pros and cons of the ever-high and vague subsidy system.

Considerable to note, subsidies on non-merit goods are five times more than subsidies on merit goods, which depicts the wrong measures and directions of the subsidy regime. Amongst the merit goods are the construction of bridges and roads, followed by scientific research and education. Agriculture is the main constituent of the non-merit subsidy rule. The element to note is that in case of electricity, the per capita subsidy in richer states is substantially higher as compared to poorer states. Let us now notice what is eating up the state’s money. The most vital explicit subsidies that form a part of union government’s budget are the food and fertilizers subsidies. During 1974-75 subsidies on food accounted for almost 70 percent of the total expenditure on subsidies, which fell to 20 percent during 1990-91; however elevated to 40 percent during 1995-96. Export subsidies too are another key component.

Next, let us also take a sneak peak at the much highlighted programme, MGNREGA, with more than USD 25 billion spent as wage payments until now. Promising earning prospects for the residents of the rural areas, the scheme was devised with a view to promoting labor work. While the world is talking about technological advancements, this scheme is a reverse model. Above all, the projects are charged with severe misappropriation of funds. Plus, the outlays on this scheme have contributed towards the hike in the labor cost for private and agricultural projects. Inflation, too has mounted owing to the fact that the spending capacity has multiplied. Rather than improving the productivity, the scheme feeds people with ready food. The new government will have to rethink this project and come up with some control measures to curb deviations from the anticipated outcomes. Comprehensive streamlining of MGNREGA is much-needed for the real betterment of economy.

Are the state welfare schemes and subsidy programmes beneficial in real terms? A clear distinction is necessary between subsidies that are unsoundly eating up the government’s money (for instance excessive food subsidy) and those which are assisting the economy (for instance export subsidy). Plus, it must to be comprehended that state welfare programmes move money into the hands of those who are unproductive, rather than encouraging the entrepreneurs. This creates a gap between production that lessens due to unavailability of funds and consumption that upsurges due to grants. The gap becomes wider when the unemployed are assured of supply of necessities, which in turn demotivates them to work. Also, what can be expected out of direct money transfer? Rather than utilizing, the beneficiaries are vulnerable to spend the cash received on immoral activities. Restructuring of the subsidy regime is therefore the urgent need of the hour. Surely, the anticipated disaster of the UPA is backed by extensive mismanagement that resulted in unjustifiable rise of prices and wages.

For how long do we feed our children? Post a certain age, they are expected to earn their livelihood and feed the family. In the same context, surely, helpless and deprived members of the society deserve extraordinary treatment owing to the fact that our moral values advocate this. Child welfare programmes, schemes for differently abled members, and arrangements for the families of soldiers, are as justifiable as earning prospects for an educated youth. On the contrary, assuring basic facilities for all the members of the society despite of their non-participation in the process of nation building cannot be justified. This may sound cold-hearted in a country wherein the residents struggle to earn funds and to procure meal for a time.

Let us view this comprehensively. The UPA-led union government came up with two schemes that might look socially viable at first glance; however when comprehended prudently, the food and employment security schemes are neither socially nor economically sustainable. In case they were, the Indians would not have to wait for so long. Or for that matter, every nation in the world would have implemented such a scheme and could have afforded to be listed among the array of developed nations. The foremost concern that strikes is the fiscal deficit of the GOI that nobody could now even remember as to when this was in a positive figure. Means, the caretaker of the family has been spending more than the earnings since past many decades.

Let us take a bird’s view at the scheme that assures food. Approximately two-third of the Indian population would be provided with rice at INR 3/Kg, wheat at INR 2/Kg, and coarse grains at INR 1/Kg. Some categories are even eligible for daily free of cost meals. The outlays to back this project are estimated to be INR 1.25 trillion annually. Further, the Technical Advisory Committee on Monetary Policy has commented that the scheme will inflate the food prices unexpectedly. The execution of the Bill will bring in acute rise in the already-high fiscal deficit that in turn would result in macro level inflationary pressures. Competition would be trimmed, money will be shifted from investments in agriculture to subsidies, and the rising demand of proteins, fruits and vegetable will be least taken care of.

Secondly, the MGNREGA scheme that was executed with a view to guarantying earning prospects to the residents of the rural part is no way distinct from the Food Guarantee scheme. With the government turning into a creator of employment, the results are hyperinflation, deficiency of investment, overpriced labor, and elevated cost of living. Better wage and simpler work under the MGNREGA scheme have lured laborers, which has created shortage of workforce in agriculture and manufacturing concerns. Vital to note, agriculture labor cost has augmented by 300 percent owing to the fact that laborers in the rural parts prefer easier tasks under the scheme and are contended with what they are earning. A will to work extra and think beyond boundaries has perished.

Think what MGNREGA is doing in real terms? Uneducated rural inhabitants are being motivated to earn their livelihood under the shelter of artificial earning prospects created by the government. Can the so-called beneficiaries of this scheme ever rise in terms of education and living standards? The economy on the other hand is crying too. INR 2.3 trillion have been expended by the government with no additions to durable assets that could promise sustainable development of the rural areas. With high wages demanded by the rural inhabitants, the producers are forced to elevate the process of the goods. Supply constraints have reached their supreme high. And known to all, is the corruption and misappropriation of funds by the contractors and officers-in-charge of the scheme.

Social benefit schemes are unquestionably the pillar of success for the society at large. Western countries have even more of such schemes as compared to India; however those nations are developed and can afford such measures. Plus, in no way are they declining the will of the members of the society to work hard for earning livelihood. The bureaucrats of India have been short of visionary capabilities when such measures are talked about. Above all, is the illicit gain that the political parties look for while considering such schemes. Votes are what that motivates our law-makers to come up with such absurd propositions. It is almost sure that a new set of administrators would come to power post the 16th of May and the nation urges for real works with top to bottom restructuring of such obnoxious and socially evil schemes.

Post the 16th of this month, development and earning prospects will be the areas of concern for all. It can be interpreted that the nation is on the verge of electing a stable government at the center, which can take tough, wiser, and above all, quick decisions. The ruin of the economy is what everyone has talked about; however past cannot be altered. The future has to be rendered pace, stability, and robustness. The new government is probably to be led by a personality who has delivered more than the expected outcomes in Gujarat and is looked forward to for equivalent consequences across the nation. It is however vital to note that only with the consolidated endeavors of distinct departments of the government, expected outcomes can be accomplished. I will discuss prominent areas of concerns and probable measures that can add to the prosperity.

SWOT analysis will be a pre-requisite for the new government; post the ministers hold their respective departments. Every ministry must spend reasonable time in evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the national economy and their respective areas of concern; and in comprehending the opportunities and threats posed by the external environment. Planning is the base of project implementation, hence sturdy plans and feasible goals should be set. We know that none of the ministries in past years has justified its role in the strengthening of the economic, social, and technological spheres of the nation. Remember, the new ministers would be inheriting burning chairs with limitless bottlenecks and past failures. Top to bottom restructuring will be the sole solution for the departments to bring in the much-needed synergy.

When economy is talked about, Finance Ministry is the department of the government that is looked upon for bringing in viability. Ranging from the expansion of banking services and financial inclusion of all to controlling the inflating prices and interest rates, the finance department has multiple targets to accomplish. A way has to be located with a view to minimizing the NPA level that has emerged as the most prominent threat for the financial system. Apart from the declared figures, probable NPAs are to be uncovered, which otherwise can add to the trouble. While past NPAs are the areas of concern, the government along with the financial intermediaries will have to come up with measures that can check likely NPAs. Incapable borrowers have to be recognized prior to their turning into bad debts so that appropriate recovery mechanism can be resorted to.

Financial inclusion is the need of the hour with expansion in terms of number of bank account holders and participants in the savings sector. After all, savings of the households and retail investors is what that provides the requisite pace to the investment domain. Inclusion will not only ensure basic banking facilities to all, it would also serve as a way for mobilizing savings and allocating credit. Entrepreneurial credit products have to be rationalized so as to help enterprises secure credit on easy terms, which in turn will bring in technological advancements. Financial inclusion as a target would remain unachievable until the strict KYC norms are addressed to. The general public while approaching the branch for a bank account has to deal with concerns of extensive documentation and unfavorable attitude. Also, to pave way for new entrepreneurs and fresh talent the lending mechanism has to be simplified and rejuvenated.

Ranging from betterment of the agricultural sector to the advancement of manufacturing units, challenges are many. The topmost necessity is to bring in technological encroachments sooner than later. Lack of proper infrastructure and technology is the prime hindrance of many sectors. Expansion of railway network and advanced tools for procuring coal are the only solutions to enrich the power sector. This in turn would automatically pave way for the success of business entities as well as the agricultural sector. Undoubtedly, technological advancement will be an effective answer to distinct bottlenecks. It has to be recognized that multiple state-backed and private projects are awaiting implementation, which has increased the overall cost of resources. Plus, the capital and the money markets that have extended money to these projects are on the verge of losing their stake. Quick decisions and workable strategy will be the key drivers.

We talk about revolutionizing education, literacy, agriculture and SMEs, and providing access to clean water in every of our five-year plans. The planning commission has been including the same targets since past many decades, however real outcomes have remained unachieved. The working of the commission in the last ten years projects that the department comprehensively failed to recognize the distinct needs of the states and carried out its operations with the same old laidback attitude. The most vital part ‘Planning’ was for sure missing. Preparation of vision documents for the coming future and devising effective policies is the core of the working of the commission. However, this body of so-called thinkers and planners failed to realize the goals. The commission rarely has any control mechanism to evaluate deviations from the anticipated outcomes. Inclusion of competent strategic planners and visionaries can be an answer.

To be precise, every discrete department of the government will have to focus on respective strengths and weaknesses, and will have to devise appropriate plans accordingly. Else, as seen in the reign of the UPA, departments would blame each other for the letdowns rather than recognizing their role in the nation building. For sure, the country would be led by a person with requisite know-how of dealing with worst situations; however, sole leader would not be able to deliver conclusions that are being anticipated. The team too will have to accept the accountability and work dedicatedly. The declining GDP and the inflating prices are not the only concerns. Basic necessities and the overall restructuring of the social as well the economic sphere are being looked for. Surely, tough time would commence once the outcomes of the polls are declared, where from the representatives will have to deliver what they have promised.

Independent director is a silent monitor on a company board-works as a watch-dog–and when it comes for public sector enterprises his role becomes more important for a healthy corporate governance. Independent director’s increased presence in the boardroom has been hailed as an effective deterrent to fraud and mismanagement, inefficient use of resources, inequality and unaccountability of decisions.

Moreover, the independent director plays a complementary role in providing professional and managerial advice to the Board. They are drawn from the public men, technocrats, management experts and consultants, and professional managers in industry and trade with a high degree of proven ability.

However, unless the selection of independent directors (IDs) is transparent and free from the administrative ministry concerned, the powers given to them can have a negative impact on PSU autonomy. In many cases, the practice of administrative ministry final say in selection of independent director has delayed some of the important decisions for the company.

For example, Coal India had to put on hold plans to raise coal prices, sign fuel supply agreement with power companies and initiate a price pooling mechanism as ID posts were vacant. The public offer of other companies such as NHPC, Power-Grid has also been delayed due to non-appointment of independent directors.

Therefore, the need of the hour is to change the process of appointment of IDs. The responsibility for selection of IDs should be given to a sovereign, independent and impartial committee and removing the role of administrative ministry in their selection. At present selection committee under Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) selects candidates out of the panel recommended by the concerned ministry. However a panel of eligible persons to be IDs is being maintained by DPE but this appears to be mere formality as this panel is never being used by DPE for nomination of IDs in PSUs. It could be considered by Government to give powers to DPE to nominate IDs in PSUs, from a panel being maintained by DPE, without the interface of concerned ministry.

Moreover these appointments be done proactively much in advance so that seats on the boards of PSUs do not remain vacant and true purpose of IDs being on board is fulfilled.

Further, only a conducive and legally binding atmosphere would enable the IDs to play the following key roles expected of them:

• Help in bringing an independent judgment to bear on the Board’s. Being totally independent of the company or its management, provide a candid view of the faults or shortcomings of the company’s plans and suggest measures for improvement.
• Bring an objective view in the evaluation of the performance of board and management
• Scrutinize the performance of management in meeting agreed goals and objectives and monitor the reporting of performance
• Add value to the decision making process of the Board of Directors by giving positive inputs and constructive criticism, wherever required
• Safeguard the interests of all stakeholders, particularly the minority shareholders
• Moderate and arbitrate in the interest of the company as a whole, in situations of conflict between management and shareholder’s interest.
• Facilitate sustainable development of the company.

Moreover, the enhanced role of IDs would enable the stakeholders trust the functioning of the management as well as the Board. The board, on the other hand, would become more vigilant while undertaking the tasks of policy making and use of funds. However, it is too early to say that every of the deficiency in the working of the company and in the utilization of stakeholders’ funds can be regulated with these measures.

It is also widely accepted that a process of continuous improvement of this institution is essential to address the challenges facing the ID system, so that the gap between what is expected of the IDs and what they actually deliver is reduced. While international experience could provide a useful guide, all legal and regulatory reforms necessary to make the institution truly independent and effective in India need to reflect the realities of (a) concentrated ownership and (b) paucity of competent IDs.

It is however recognized that raising corporate governance standards would require going beyond legal and regulatory reforms. Management, institutional investors and media have to play a complementary and facilitating role.

We can easily witness the deficiency of food in distinct zones of the country; however, it is shocking that procured foodgrains are lying haphazardly in the open areas, with no sincere attempts to distribute grains to those who are in need. The Food Corporation of India (FCI) alleges to have 1820 godowns nationwide with a storage capacity of 30.52 million tonnes. Though the government with a view to minimizing the storage and transit losses approved the policy of integrated bulk handling and transportation facilities in the year 2000, nothing much has been achieved.

The candidates of the general elections of 2014 though appeared to be concerned about malnutrition and the dipping prosperity of farmers, none of the political leaders came up with any suggestion or agenda to develop an infrastructure wherein the procured foodgrains can be stored hygienically and can then be dispersed in the areas of consumption. Though newspapers and electronic media consciously captured the storage of foodgrains in the open and subsequent loss, political groups are least worried. The gap of understanding between the need to export surplus and subsequent import during deficit is wide. Plus, corruption too makes the circumstances worst.

The reports last year presented the fact that tonnes of wheat is being damaged owing to the lack of storage capacity, on the contrary millions of Indians writhed to get hold of food for a time. The parliament witnessed some tough sessions, however real solution to this concern has not yet been achieved. Of almost 63 million tonnes of grains procured by the government, 28 million is stored in the open with ever-high vulnerability to damage and losses. The estimated loss in rupee terms due to such storage shortages is INR 60000 crores. It has been claimed that 194502 metric tonnes of grains were damaged between 2005 and 2013.

Besides Punjab and Haryana, Madhya Pradesh has emerged as one of the bulk producers of grains in India. It is estimated that the storage capacity in the state of Punjab is 14.3 million tonnes. Of this, 12.1 million tonnes space is already occupied by the produce of last year. For the current year, the state is expected to generate 14 million tonnes of produce, of which more than 70 percent will again be stored absurdly in the open. Plastic covers are being used to cover the foodgrains stored around the platforms, which renders the produce unhygienic even for consumption by animals. Who stands accountable for such disasters?

Swift measures are the need of the hour. While on one hand the government and FCI will have to come up with a sturdy plan of action for enhancing the storage infrastructure; transportation of foodgrains to the areas of consumption has to be taken care on the other hand. FCI has to recover from the laidback attitude so as to ensure that the presence of this corporation is beneficial for the public at large. Else, a PPP model has to be introduced with the restructuring of the organizational structure of FCI, which would stimulate the working as well the decision making and planning modules of the corporation. Decentralized storage, with creation of storage units at the block level can be an effective solution if undertaken appropriately.

It is considerable to note in the same context that the Food Minister, K V Thomas advocated extensive reorganization of the FCI claiming that the corporation is turning out to be a ‘white elephant’. In the year 2012, top to bottom revamping of the FCI was looked for by the Food Ministry; however no sincere attempts were made. Corruption in the corporation is known to all and the staff at numerous times has been charged with allegations of mismanagement. The Apex Court too had to take cognizance of the wastage of grains lying with the FCI and it was advised to take measures for rapid distribution of foodgrains to the needy.

Another way out until the above mentioned measures are carried out is the use of ‘Silo Bags’. These special bags are three-layered polythene bags, wherein two layers help prevent the stored produce from UV rays and damage from water, while the third black layer prevents the grains from sunlight. For 18-24 months, this measure prevents the stored grains from vermin as well as other damages. Madhya Pradesh government has started the use of these bags; however other states are still to re-think their storage parameters. Surely, quick decisions and extensive reorganization are the measures that can help prevent the foodgrains from damage.

Either the words of our so-called secular leaders are meaningless, or they mean a lot. The general elections of 2014 have been a spectator to baseless allegations, absurd announcements, and above all unabashed warnings. It is an established fact now that the polls of 2014 are ‘for-Modi’ or ‘against-Modi’. Political groups other than the BJP have no agenda except for warning the general public of the aftereffects of Modi’s win. And, these aftereffects as predicted by the leaders of Congress, SP, BSP, JD (U), and TMC are a forbidden way to threaten people. Such absolute shame of our political structure and the measures adopted by leaders to get hold of support could not have been foreseen by the constitution makers.

What does the Congress leader, Rahul Gandhi mean when he foresees mass killings in case the Modi-led government comes into the picture? On what basis are the leaders of distinct political entities declaring Narendra Modi as the person accountable for what happened in 2002? Have our leaders disregarded the findings of the Special Investigation Team set up by the Supreme Court that confirms that the then CM of the state had no mala fide role whatsoever? To fetch support and to get hold of power, our political leaders have crossed every probable limit of humanity as well as governance. And when these leaders foretell the consequences of Modi’s win, they seem to be preparing of some conspiracy.

‘The entire nation will see massive destruction, blood, and oppression if Modi comes in power’. This looks more like provoking certain groups to bring in unlawful state of affairs with a view to disturbing communal harmony. Can the Congress answer as to which group can be held responsible for the massacre ​in Rawalpindi in the month of March 1947 when 5000 Sikhs were slaughtered. Wasn’t the Congress the most dominant group when millions of Sikhs, Hindus, and Muslims were massacred in 1947? Or for that matter the riots of 1969 in Gujarat, Moradabad riots in 1980, Nellie massacre in 1983, and the anti-Sikh riots of 1984. Which political party was administering the nation and was accountable for maintaining law and order when the nation witnessed these hardhearted days?

Declaring BJP and Narendra Modi as the ones who would promote communal detestation, the SP chief Mulayam Singh forgot to take a sneak peak at the facts and figures of the state which his party rules. As per the data presented by the union minister of state for home, RPN Singh, UP was the home to every third communal clash in the country during the first ten months of 2013. In 250 reported incidents of communal violence, 95 people lost their lives and 313 were injured. Ever since, UP has been the key center of communal revulsion under the reign of SP. Favoring a particular community, the state government is often charged with the allegations of backing the Muslims so as to ensure that the party does not lose the vote share. Who can forget the incident when the Allahabad High Court prevented the UP government from withdrawing cases against Muslims accused of terror outbreaks- An endeavor to appease Muslim voters.

The BJP, which has been declared as a clear winner of the 2014 polls by every pre-poll survey, would not just have to bear the pressure of the economic chaos created during the decade long ruling of the UPA, the party will also have to remain vigilant of anti-social elements who can bring in communal disturbances to deceive the general public. Is it so hard to foresee the fact that our political groups which have left no stone unturned to lure the minority castes can even go to the extent of harming the constituents of these communities to prove what they are warning people of? Politics is a dirty game. Surely, the hangover of being in power is tough to part with. The leaders who have disremembered the declining GDP and agricultural growth, and the ever-rising unemployment and inflation are stuck to just one factor- Secularism.

And these advocates of secularism know every trick of exploiting this factor and fetching votes. The constituents of the minority community have to move a step ahead to put an end to this fake secularism. Though you may retaliate this, however the fact is that the places with large number of members of the minority community have always been the center of conflicts. The vulnerability to disturbances at these places is high on the basis that the political as well as the community leaders have the requisite know-how to play with the minds and sentiments of the minorities. What can be done? Rather than being lured with pity favors, the general public has to pave way for all-embracing prosperity and harmony. Let us become the supporters of economic and social opulence. Let the tricky leaders know this time that we have learnt from past incidences and will not accept discrimination in the name of secularism anymore.

With the number of years added to the age, definitely a person enhances the know-how and becomes capable to take more informed decisions. This is the sole reason that work prospects for experienced professionals are much more than the new entrants. Not only a brain develops during the course of work, the person also ascertains the bottlenecks and opportunities in the field of work. But, similar to the four phases of a business cycle viz. preliminary, growth, stagnant, and decline, a human being too comes across a point from where the value addition from his part becomes nil/ negative. Though we retaliate this phase, the one who readily accepts and passes on the responsibilities to the newer generation is equitably respected.

In case you are concerned with the representation of L K Advani, aged 86 years, from Gandhinagar, it is considerable to note that Ram Sunder Yadav bidding his luck from the Hajipur constituency is 93 years old. The controversies of the seniormost leader of the BJP had been tough to handle. It should however be acknowledged that the leaders of the BJP made every possible attempt to uphold the dignity of party’s senior wing. The contribution from the other end though was not that willing. It took days to send across the message to the general public that leaders like Advani and Murli Manohar Joshi are at par with the party line.

I would not propose any age of superannuation for our political leaders; however, a few operative measures are the need of the hour. And those who advocate that our MPs and MLAs must leave their offices post a certain age must remember that government officials are readily absorbed by the private sector to exploit their familiarity with the market and expertise of dealing with adverse circumstances. Retired judges are bestowed upon with the task of heading advisory committees or becoming a part of crucial investigations. It is however vital to note that this work is consultative in nature and does not call for recurrent decision making and/or administration. The arena of Indian politics is still to acknowledge this underlying fact.

43 percent of the MPs post the 2009 polls were above the age of 56 years, a figure which was just 20 percent post the first general elections of 1952. On the contrary, just 14 percent of the MPs post 2009 polls were below the age of 40. The average age of Chief Ministers of various states is 62 years, while the average age of cabinet ministers during the UPA-2 reign was 60 years. Can our nation afford such absurd position? The task of administration and decision making has been conferred upon those shoulders who though have decades of experience, however, are unaware of the current global development and newer ways to tackle tough conditions. Can’t we relate this to the ever-declining GDP and the ever-rising inflation and poverty rates?

The political leaders of India will have to accept this deadlock sooner than later. 60, 62, and 65 are the ages beyond which employees in central/ state government/ companies can no longer serve the organization they belong to. Why can’t a figure between 65 and 70 be the uppermost servicing limit for our most vital administrative squad? A distinct way out herein can be the shift of matured leaders to the upper house of parliament, while retaining the vibrant blood in the lower house. A lesson has to be learnt from the western countries wherein young though knowledgeable administrators lead the nation. Thus, a room for innovation and creativity is erected that fosters growth.

Plus, a lesson too should be taken from entrepreneurs like Bill Gates, Ratan Tata, and N R Narayana Murthy, who vacated their dominant offices and stepped into advisory roles. Politicians need to part with the urge of being in power post they realize that the young blood is ready to accept accountabilities with commitment. And this realization has to come from within, post which our senior MPs and MLAs can surely pursue the tasks of social welfare and advising the young blood during tough circumstances. Surely, this would enhance the prestige of our leaders who pledge to have devoted years for social and political betterment.

When almost every opinion poll has predicted that the Congress would not even cross the 100 mark in the polls of 2014, the more than a century-old party is expected to maintain utmost sportsman spirit. However, considering itself as the sole body which can rule the nation, the party is likely to play another dirty game. Surely, the habit of being in power is tough to part with. The words of senior leaders of Congress have clarified that the party can go to any probable extent to stop Narendra Modi from being the administrator of the nation. Extending support to the so-called secular third front is clearly the agenda of the party, howsoever destructive this may be. Can we welcome such an absurd equation, yet again?

And the regional political parties, along with the Left front have been dreaming to witness a day when any one of their leaders can hold the office of Prime Minister. What national agenda does Samajwadi Party has, or for that matter the Left front has? Restricted to their respective states of operations, these groups have ambiguously projected their top leaders as the prime ministerial candidates. Ranging from Mayawati to Mulayam Singh and Mamta Banerjee to Jayalalitha, everyone can see hope on the basis that Congress would not be acceptable again and the BJP would fall short of numbers due to unfavorable attitude of particular communities.

The Congress is at the verge of its most appalling failure, which would even outshine the defeat in 1977 polls when Jayaprakash Narayan-influenced Janta Party restricted Congress to 153 seats. Vital to note, the Congress then was able to perform only in the south, which today looks to be floating in Modi’s wave of development, along with north, east and west regions. The Congress, rather than locating the causes of such a cataclysm of the party and working on reinventing the organizational as well as the ethical structure, is ready to play the most unwanted game in the democracy. Alleging that the party would extend support to an anti-communal front, the key motive is to prevent BJP from governing the nation, and then pulling off the support.

Our crafty political groups can come up with any mathematical formula to give the resultant figure above 272. Surely, the Congress has the requisite know-how to perform such forbidden acts, time and again. Extending support to the H. D. Deve Gowda-led front and a subsequent pull off which resulted in the downfall of the government was a part of this episode. Other instances include the betrayal of the party to Charan Singh; extension of support to the 8th PM of India, Chandra Shekhar and subsequent pull off on the grounds that his government was spying on Rajiv Gandhi; and the rise and fall of Inder Kumar Gujral. Political volatility was created at every instance which can be regarded as a curse for the democracy.

Yet again, the Congress is heading towards the same path. And the hunger of becoming the topmost decision-maker of the nation runs within the leader of every political group. Shall the general public allow such dirty coalition knowing the urgency of reforms? Shouldn’t the Congress, despite of coming up with such unsolicited propositions, conduct a self-assessment programme so as to undertake corrective measures within the party? The ultimate evaluator is the public. Tough and clear message has to be delivered to our so-called secular advocates so as to assure that they come up with real and moral goals at the subsequent occasion. The only way out to curb the Congress from creating a political chaos is ‘the awakening of voters’.

It is now an established fact that the general public of India is more than rushed to eradicate the evils of social as well as the political domain. The participation of the youth, along with members from every sphere of the society in the movement of social activist, Anna Hazare, reflected the passion and willingness to overcome the deficiencies of our democracy. Any society would be blessed to have activists like Mahatma Gandhi, Medha Patkar, Kiran Bedi, Anna Hazare, and of course the mother of India, Mother Teresa.

Does the society gain with the presence of activists? What Mother Teresa delivered is even acknowledged at the global level, the impact of Anna Hazare’s movement transformed the viewpoints of our rigid political leaders, and Kiran Bedi lives as an ideal to millions. Surely, activists are the voice of those who either are too busy, too restless, or often scared to come forward and demand social justice. Though our political representatives are the ones we choose for the betterment of our society, they often disremember this task.

Let us move forward now and analyze what good can the activists bring to the society in case bestowed upon with the task of administration. In recent times, the political sphere of India has been too busy accommodating new entrants who have moved a step ahead and have hopped over from being an activist to a politician. The extraordinary rise of the newly formed political group in the state elections of Delhi proved the zeal of the general public to bring in real reforms. Nothing much, however, was gained. The party has subsequently diverged from the route of bringing in reforms to a path that leads to conquering numbers without worrying about the principles sacrificed and dishonest measures adopted to accomplish the target. A question thus strikes, ‘Can an activist be a capable administrator?’

The pages of history can be turned to locate the answer to this tough question. Mahatma Gandhi was the key force behind the eviction of the East India Company from India. This great personality united the dispersed thoughts and people of the nation, and created a milieu wherein the British were left with no other option than to vacate. Gandhi was a role model of communal unity and harmony. Until his last breadth, he advocated to make India a nation wherein diverse castes and religions can be accommodated with peace. Post the day when India was declared to be a free state, the role of Gandhi transformed from an activist to a bureaucrat.

Be it the inclusion of the controversial Article 370 in the Constitution of India to which Dr. Ambedkar had never agreed to; monetary grants to Pakistan; the milieu and mass killing at the time of or after the partition; or the unproductive decision of appointing Nehru as the face of Congress, Gandhi’s visionary capabilities can surely be challenged. Though he wanted India and Pakistan to be home to both Hindus and Muslims, he failed to foresee the eviction of Kashmiri Pandits from Kashmir and the merciless torture of Hindus in Pakistan.

A sneak peak at the contributions of those activists is necessary who, though influenced the nation with their works, stayed away from active politics. Two deserving names include Jai Prakash Narayan, the originator of J P Movement against the misdeeds of Bihar government and eventually the union government, and Ram Manohar Lohia, the leader whose ideology has been adopted by numerous political parties, however is rarely followed. Vital to note, Kiran Bedi was lured to become a part of the AAP on the grounds that post the outcomes of the polls she would be the one administrating the state of Delhi as CM, which, she never assented to.

Being concerned about the welfare of the society and being an administrator of a state are two distinctive equations. The alike incident was witnessed when the CM of Delhi resorted to walkout rather than resolving the basic concerns of water and power. To be a ruler, the courage to withstand tough circumstances and the vision to interpret future outcomes are the prime requisites. Administration demands sacrifices and diplomacy too. Remember, more the constituents and multiple the communities, more complicated it is to uphold the unity at all times. Shall we then not conclude to the fact that activists who do not have anything to lose become vulnerable to sacrifice morals so as to get hold of power once they aspire to become politicians. The general public, too, realizes this fact, which in turn lessens the faith.

Was the inclusion of article 370 in the constitution of India backed by extreme gravity, or was it a way to accomplish the dreams of a striving ruler? It is said that Sheikh Abdullah, who shared close vibes with Mahatma Gandhi, approached the then PM Pandit Nehru with a view to outshining Maharaja Hari Singh for gaining absolute control and accomplishing the insertion of article 370, which however was opposed by the key driving force behind the constitution, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar. Though deterred by many socialists and prudent personalities, the section helped the state own a distinct status and the residents therein now live under separate set of laws, which includes ownership of property, citizenship and fundamental rights. Above all is a separate constitution. The defense, foreign affairs, finance, and communication domains, however, are under the administration of the union government.

What could have been the motive of our representatives to afford a state, which is a part of Indian soil, with such extraordinary rights? The Congress, which was challenged by the then Hindu backed associations, could have thought of winning the heart of minorities by extending privileges that comprehensively stand biased till date. Ever since, this article and the conflicts of Kashmir have been much-talked about, however, the political leaders have probably overlooked the solemnity of this subject. Leaders, quite often, disremember that the environment, which they desire to create, witnesses general public as key constituent. At large, the beneficiaries or the sufferers of the acts of our so-called secular leaders are the ones who often are unaware of cause of conflict.

Now let us consider a fact that has almost remained concealed from the general public since decades. In the month of May in 1954, the Pandit Nehru-led union government amended the article 35 of the Indian constitution and added 35A, which extended to the state government of J & K the right to deny citizenship rights, and apply any restrictions with respect to employment under the state government, acquisition of immovable property and right to scholarship or other aids, no matter how unjust these measures are. The untenable article has helped the J & K government to enforce any and every limitation on the rights of Hindu migrants from West Pakistan who have been denied the citizenship. Was this never a concern for the Nehru-led government or the descendants of the so-called secular Congress that talks of prosperity of all?

Vital to note, section 6 of the J & K constitution allows the state government to recognize Muslims, who migrated from the state to Pakistan, however re-migrated to the state thereafter, as citizens. Thus, the article 370, along with the article 35A is what has given the state government the power to do any favors or even injustice. Is country within a country an admissible equation? The temporary nature of article 370 can be comprehended by the fact that the President has the power to abrogate this post consulting the constituent assembly, which was disbanded in 1957. More the time lapses more will be the damage caused. The gift of Nehru to the ambitious ruler, Abdullah no longer finds space in the era of social and political justice.

The BJP that has almost outshined every other political group and is on the verge of forming the government at the center has advocated the annulment of article 370 ever since its inception. Though the measure would not be that easy to implement, let us know the backdrop of the viewpoint of BJP. Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, the person who devoted his life for securing equitable rights for all communities in the state of J & K, has left behind a goal for the descendants of the BJP. Plus, when we talk of the welfare and betterment of national minorities, why aren’t we concerned about the minority community of J & K? Is minority at the national level the only community that seeks special kindness? You must agree with the fact that prosperity of any state cannot be thought of without bringing in economic viability.

It is a known fact of economics that large number of participants and contributories enhance the viability of any project. ‘Economies of scale’ is what every business enterprise wants to attain so as to reduce the costs and uplift the profitability. As a distinct state with abundant restrictions in place and with non-applicability of many vital Acts, the state of J & K can rarely achieve the goal of economies of scale. And, if the state could have, the rulers not would have been dependent on the Indian government for seeking assistance in terms of infrastructure, security, and food supply. Vital to note that the constitution of J & K states that the state is an integral part of India- A clause that discloses the intention of the constitution makers who knew that the state could not stand even for a day without the aid of the union government of India.

The ‘Ultras’ (extremists) of J & K many a times advocate comprehensive independence to the state, while a few among them even favor Kashmir’s accession to Pakistan. Whom are they fighting for? The general public, anywhere in the world, would favor development and enhanced prospects to earn. Let us remember that in case the Indian armed forces are being blamed for the harassment of Kashmiri Muslims, the insurgents backed by the ISI are equitably responsible for the forced eviction of Kashmiri Pandits. ‘Kashmiriyat’, which fundamentally meant upholding the integrity of all Kashmiris, has been illicitly used to eradicate the minorities of Kashmir and establishing a Taliban-influenced milieu. Not much can be expected out of Pakistan, which has unlawfully occupied the portion of Indian soil.

Now, what can the solution be? Would the abrogation of article 370 and article 35A serve any purpose, or would it be better to let the state live on its own? In case the state would have the capability to prosper on its own, the residents would not have migrated to other states for want of education and earning prospects. Hence, a consensus must be achieved by our political groups, which represent the general public, with a view to putting an end to a scheme that is intolerable. The residents too in turn are supposed to liaise with the system that appears to be the best in view of uncountable bottlenecks. The political leaders, rather than engaging themselves in arguments, must strive to achieve the goal of real prosperity of the state as well of those who have been forced to vacate their homeland. The state, which has been the center of conflicts and mass killings since decades, now urges for prompt and real reforms.

To facilitate enhanced transparency in the functioning of the Board and Committees, the Companies Act 2013 has brought in the much-awaited reforms. The Act broadly describes the selection criteria, roles and responsibilities, manner of appointment, and vacation of office by an Independent Director (ID). Prior to moving forward, let’s understand the term ‘Independent Director’. A person, not having any pecuniary relationship with the Company, or its promoters and directors, and is appointed by the Board as Independent Director, falls under this category. It is expected that with the enhanced recognition and capabilities of the ID, the company would handle its operations much prudently and the stakeholders are sure to benefit.

Further, the appointment of an Independent Director shall be approved in the General Meeting and it is now mandatory for every public limited company to have at least one-third of the total number of directors as Independent Directors. The Board of any company can search for suitable ID from the database maintained by various authorities, one of which is http://www.primedirectors.com/, a corporate governance initiative by NSE and BSE, and launched by the Chairman of SEBI. Professionals seeking directorships can visit the platform so as to add their candidature to the database.

The Companies Act 2013 has enumerated distinctive headings that define the roles and responsibilities of IDs. Few prominent responsibilities include (1) assisting in bringing an independent judgment to bear on the Board’s deliberations especially on issues of strategy, performance, risk management, resources, key appointments, and standards of conduct, (2) satisfying themselves on the integrity of financial information, and that financial controls and systems of risk management are robust and defensible, (3) safeguarding the interests of all stakeholders, particularly the minority shareholders, and (4) determining appropriate levels of remuneration of executive directors, KMPs and senior management, and playing a prime role in appointing and where necessary recommending removal of executive directors, KMPs and senior management.

The IDs of a company shall hold at least one meeting in a year, wherein all IDs must strive to be present, without the attendance of non-IDs and other members of the management. Herein, the IDs shall review the performance of the Chairperson, non-IDs and the Board as a whole, and shall assess the quality and timeliness of flow of information between the management and the Board. The Act also mandates the constitution of CSR Committee consisting of at least one ID, Audit Committee with IDs in majority, and Nomination and Remuneration Committee with not less than one-half of the members as IDs.

To bring in effectiveness in the functioning, the Act also mandates that no ID shall hold office for more than two consecutive terms of 5 years; however such ID shall be eligible for re-appointment after the expiration of three years. Also, an ID shall not be entitled to any stock option, and may receive remuneration by way of fee, reimbursement of expenses for participation in Board and other meetings, and profit related commission as approved by the members. Further, every ID shall, at the first meeting of the Board in which he participates as a director and thereafter at the first meeting of the Board in every FY or whenever there is any change in the circumstances which may affect his status as an ID, give a declaration regarding compliance with the criteria of independence.

Surely, the enhanced role of Independent Directors would enable the stakeholders trust the functioning of the management as well as the Board. The Board, on the other hand, would become more vigilant while undertaking the tasks of policy making and use of funds. However, it is too early to say that every of the deficiency in the working of the company and in the utilization of stakeholders’ funds can be regulated with these measures. Incidences of selecting known professionals by the Board for the role of ID can also not be overlooked. Though the Act bestows upon the shoulders of IDs the responsibility of ensuring fair management, the target can remain unachieved as the management can come up with planned and pre-compromised professionals as IDs. Such presence would not define transparency and vigilance in real terms.

To transform the deemed independence to real one, the MCA along with regulatory bodies (SEBI and RBI) has to play a vital role in the appointment of IDs. I would suggest that the Ministry and SEBI must actively participate in such appointments in listed companies, wherein the Board is vulnerable to play with provisions. The compulsion of assent of shareholders can rarely serve any purpose. The discussion of MCA with the Institute of Directors, UK with a view to utilizing their expertise for training Indian professionals willing to become IDs is truly welcomed; however a well-staffed Committee must be set up by the SEBI that shall ensure core legitimacy and transparency, similar to the selection of Statutory Central Auditors (SCAs) undertaken by Selection Committee of GOI on basis of list forwarded by the RBI.

United we stand, divided we fall. This can be an acceptable equation when we talk about bringing in social, political, economic, and technological reforms, together. The equation, however, loses reasonableness when the topmost management squad of the nation embraces members with distinctive viewpoints and uncommon interests. Stability of the union/ state government is what that affords real administrative power to the policy makers.

Surely, the role of the opposition in the House cannot be dispensed with; however, inclusion of opponents in the organizational structure of the government is unwarrantable. Surely, none of the political groups would have ever favored a coalition government if the circumstances would not have demanded such an absurd amalgamation.

Prior to the polls, we witness political leaders criticizing the deliveries of the past government. None of the candidates loses even a single opportunity to reflect his/ her candidature superior to the others contesting from the same constituency. A party that hates, disagrees, and resists the perspectives of other political entities post the declaration of the results, commences the process of discovering prospects for uniting with the other group/s so as to come up with the requisite numbers. What reforms do you expect from a group of administrators that comprises of members with varied interests?

Besides numerous national and regional political entities, the voters are presented with uncountable choices by autonomous candidates. And almost every of the contesting aspirants fetch some amount of the vote share. When you broaden this picture, an unsolicited political milieu is created at the national level. And, outcome? Political leaders who held absolutely dissimilar views can be seen forming a consensus. What for? To realize the dream of coming into the power and ruling the state/ nation.

The subsequent polls witness the same political groups blaming one another for the slower pace of economic and social development. I can recall the instance when the state elections were at the verge of being conducted in UP and the Congress, SP, and BSP leaders at the uppermost pitch of their voices were charging one another with the allegations of corruption, and bad governance. The irony, however, was that with Congress at the center, SP and BSP were extending support to the UPA-led union government.

Remember, though every vote counts, the vote casted with vision is what brings in the always-aspired revolution. The elections of 2014 are distinct in a way that a new political group, which realizes the fact that majority cannot be attained, is contesting to create a political volatility. The present government too is trying its level best to secure minority votes so as to persist in the picture post polls. On the similar lines are many other regional groups that can generate chaos which will eventually make the general public suffer.

Let the polls of 2014 be the stage from where we can communicate an unforgettable lesson to those who have been befooling us since decades. Let the political party that promises prosperity for all beyond any discrimination on religious lines be the administrator of the state. Leaders who have been dependent on the votes of particular communities will only then shake their brains and will exploit them for the real betterment of the nation.

Surely, we have been effective so far in guaranteeing the perfectness of our market. Restricting monopolistic forces to the minimum, we have delivered an environment wherein consumers have wide choices with possibility to select the product that suits the pocket. Post the economic crisis of the 90’s, liberalization was the most talked about subject matter. Participants augmented with the minimization of entry barriers, which on one hand lifted the pace of economic growth, while on the other helped entrepreneurs exploit their vision. What, however, was the key intention of eliminating monopoly and flooding the market with abundant multiplicities? With the upsurge in the number of producers, it is expected that the consumer would be delivered with reasonably priced goods.

Have we in real sense accomplished this goal? Let us consider a few real instances. Schools have been demanding colossal hike of fee on the grounds that modern infrastructure, which includes smart classes, upgraded faculty and enriched study environment, calls for additional charges. The irony, however, is the work opportunity with a smart class manufacturer wherein the marketing personnel have to ensure concentrated sales of company’s product. Medicines, which are a key constituent of our expenditure budget, call for extensive promotion by medical representatives, which in turn inflates cost for the end-user. Adding to the curse is the commission extended to doctors for prescribing medicines of a particular producer. You must have comprehended my purpose of writing now.

Products/ services prior to being delivered to the end-user pass distinctive channels of production. From procurement of raw materials to winning the customer, several value adding phases make a product what it should be. However, the value addition ends at the instance when finished goods are ready for being retailed. Post this stage comes the most challenging phase- Earning customers and adding revenue. The task is handled through distinct marketing channels that include advertisements, in-person visits, cold calling, and online promotion. The necessity of these channels is inevitable because of the fact that competitors are many; however users of a specific product/ service are limited.

Though the old rule of economics suggests that the price of any commodity in a perfectly competitive market depends on the demand and supply variance, this however comes into the picture post the cost is already inflated due to marketing expenses. Rather than talking endlessly on the topic of inflated prices due to elevated outlays on marketing, which is often the cause of extraordinary rates for medicines, school books, clothing items and almost every second purchase we make in a day, I will talk of some measures that can curb the curse and can ensure that the end-user pays what truly is justifiable.

Marketing expenditures can be measured as a percentage of the rate charged to the consumers. To ensure that this fraction does not exceed a tolerable level, the ratio, in consensus with the specific industry embracing units producing similar kind of product, should be pre-defined. The upper limit can be determined by analyzing the needs for promotional activities in every distinct industry. Thus, separate industries producing dissimilar products can have unlike statutory percentage beyond which the outlays on marketing shall be forbidden.

Within the ambit of statutory audit of financial statements, adherence with marketing expenditure norms shall be certified for curbing any upward deviations and for guarding the wellbeing of the consumers. Non-allowance of the portion of expenditure incurred above the pre-defined limit as deduction under the IT Act and stringent disciplinary actions can add to the impact. The measure would serve two purposes simultaneously, one, this would restrict the inflating of prices for the end-user, plus, business units with limited resources (small and medium sector enterprises) would not be outshined by giant market players.

Along with, wide-ranging utilization of the online platform can be of enormous help. For every product type, each and every producer’s particulars shall mandatorily be available in a columnar and comparable arrangement through a webpage run and monitored by the government. From the quality standards followed to the durability of the product, this comprehensive data shall be accessible to all with a view to facilitating easy and educated purchases. Non-participating producers with respect to adding produce details to the database shall be penalized. With a reduction in the price of commodities, these measures would also restrict corporate corruption linked with procuring resources from known agents in lieu of illicit personal paybacks.

Political parties, making every possible attempt to gather support from minorities, have disremembered the significance of majority votes. Sonia Gandhi’s appeal to religious leaders of the minority caste, SP and BSP’s promotional campaigns in Urdu and the reliance of JD (U) on the minority vote bank have something in common. These political groups and their respective leaders have put their faith in a specific community to brighten their own future.

Left behind is the majority caste, which though can be the decisive factor in the polls, however, their split of votes has made them redundant. It may seem blatant and witty too that the political sphere of India is speechless on vital subject matters, the prosperity of minorities is, however, the agenda of all, except one. But has the minority group gained in real terms?

Lack of earning prospects is for all, corruption impacts every citizen, below the poverty lines are the members of the majority caste too, and dying of malnutrition are the kids of all. Then, is the minority all that needs special treatment? Definitely, discrimination on grounds of caste/ religion, blaming followers of a particular group for all the mishaps and lack of opportunities to the backwards need to be curbed, sooner than later.

Those in real need of special focus must be delivered with what they deserve. However, considering such groups as mere vote banks is the violation of the principle of humanity and justice too. Though Muslims, which have proven to be the king-makers in the recent past, have been showered with favorable policies, their real betterment is however unachieved.

The political environment is working on the unchanged old lines of polarization, the social sphere however seems to have uplifted. As per the recent surveys, the Congress, which fetched almost 70 percent vote share of Muslim votes in the elections prior to 2013, could fetch mere 45 percent vote share in the 2013 state polls. Narendra Modi’s roadshow, prior to his filing the nomination from Banaras, was an evidence of massive Muslim support for the BJP.

The Muslim voters of Gujarat have on previous many occasions proven that good and unbiased administration with tangible deliveries is bound to be supported. The prime ministerial candidate of the BJP is clear about his motives and thus has the nation in his favor. On the contrary, political parties including Congress, SP, BSP, JD (U), and many others are unremittingly alarming Muslims by displaying a deceptive aftereffect of Modi’s win.

Alleging minority castes as real secular, these political entities have overlooked the fact that secularism in India cannot even stand for one day in case more than 80 percent constituents, which are Hindus, become communal. Prosperity should be all-inclusive and sharers in the nation’s development should be members from every community. A lesson shall necessarily be taught, at the earliest, to those who are best at luring, however fail to deliver.

Not just the majority caste, the minorities too, need to broaden their mindsets and unite to deliver a tough message. The nation belongs to all, participants come from every caste/ religion, and hence the share in profits must be likewise disseminated. Prior to expecting economic reforms, every Indian should endeavor to bring in political and social restructuring. I believe that the polls of 2014 will certainly demonstrate the real power of voters.

Either you are with him or you are against him. And when you are against him, you are not sure of being with whom. It was stunning to watch the gigantic crowd that matched every step with the prime ministerial candidate of the BJP prior to his filing the nomination from the holy city of Banaras. And the enthusiasm- you can recall that if you watched the news headlines on 24th April 2014.

Such massive support can neither be bought nor could it be gathered by selling unrealistic dreams. Packed roads, people filled with delight, and a truly ordinary, however talented person was the center of attraction. And what for? Definitely, to bring in those changes that we have been looking forward to since past many decades. Those changes which we have been promised at numerous times however have never been delivered.

Nobody could have ever thought of such a political milieu when a person with nil political family background would be the only talked about subject matter. The BJP, which has rested on the shoulders of this skilled leader to fetch the requisite numbers, has surely outshined every other political party, national or regional.

And the others, they have disremembered development, education, poverty, unemployment, and corruption. They are just warning people to stop this person from being the controller of the state alleging that his stepping in would be destructive. A CM of a small state, with limited resources to realize his political ambitions has proven the fact that actual and honest deliveries are awarded and cheered too.

What do you expect from your leader? Definite plan of action with feasible visionary capabilities? He has it. One who can stand tough in adverse circumstances rather than resorting to walkout? He owns that attitude. Someone who possesses global recognition to make a sturdy impact? Yes, he has that. Proven track record with key successes? Modi owns that too. One who can make people listen, make opponents realize, and make the society prosper? He has demonstrated this in Gujarat and can be expected to do the same nationwide.

Can we afford a leader with unproven track record, or one who carries the last name of past influential politicians? The state calls for instant and deep-rooted reforms that in turn call for hands that have experienced the heat of fire and brain that has dealt with such state of affairs. The ultimate decision-maker is the general public. Post viewing the deliveries of many political leaders, who promised economic betterment of some however could not deliver for anyone, trusting them is absurdity.

Threatening communities with the deceptive aftereffects of Modi’s win is what almost every other political group has resorted to for fetching support. In none of his speeches could we hear any motivation to any particular caste/ religion to vote in favor. He talks about tomorrow with structured game plan and prosperity of all beyond discrimination in the name of religion/ status. Surely, this politician is capable of something that makes every other politician think of stopping him.

Voters, who have the power to elect the administrator, too have the authority to pull down those who fail to deliver. Hence, politicians rather than befooling must realize the real supremacy of voters who in turn must deliver prudent and knowledgeable verdict.

It has been too overwhelming for the BJP to witness the outcomes of distinct opinion polls. Almost all have declared massive win for the political group with Narendra Modi as prime ministerial candidate, and some have even predicted for the requisite majority. Though signs are favorable and government changeover is almost on the verge of happening, the party leaders still have to maintain the patience and alertness. To get paid for the hard work of past many months, calmness is the key. Remember, no battle is won until the opponent is declared to have lost. Winning the battle is always the beginning, the vital events occur afterwards.

Past few days haven’t been motivating for the party and the words of many senior leaders have fetched uncomplimentary attention. A former minister of Bihar is continuously making headlines and now has been issued with an arrest warrant by the Jharkhand Court. Amit Shah, the face of BJP in UP, too is confronting tough times ever since his speech was taken notice of by the EC. The list is long; the subject-matter however is the same. The ‘my 1.25 billion Indians’ phrase of Narendra Modi is somehow challenged in all the instances. The most recent was the anti-Muslim words of VHP leader, Pravin Togadia, though not a direct face of the BJP.

The BJP, which until recently was recognized as the political group advocating the construction of Ram Temple, has now fetched massive support on entirely distinctive lines. Development, prosperity of all, and betterment of the backwards are the standpoints which have encouraged the mass to extend incredible faith to the BJP. Declaration of Narendra Modi as the prime ministerial candidate a few months ago was a measure to gain acceptance among the youth as well as the communities that did not yet link themselves with the BJP. This measure has definitely boosted the reputation of the party; however bottlenecks are many.

It is a known fact that a predictable win makes the winning squad overoptimistic and mistakes tend to happen. Same seems to be the case with the BJP leaders. Instead of upholding the trust that the general public has extended, a few leaders are making every attempt to brighten their individual political career by resting on the shoulder of Narendra Modi. And, it is unhappy to witness that the party has not inflicted any sturdy measures to curb this practice. The general public including communities that for the very first time looked to favor the BJP isn’t viewing this as a pleasing thought. Instead, the hard work of past many months is on stake.

To make good what has recently dented party’s repute, the senior leaders have to take charge and reflect willingness to curtail such instances. Plus, proactive measures should be resorted to so as to prevent any such deliberate occurrences in the future. Those not a part of the BJP; however are the advocates of strict Hindu nationalism, should not be allowed to harm party’s standing. The nation looks forward to being governed by a leader who has so far promised dignity and prosperity of the society at large. In his endeavor to uplift the economy and the living standards, he must be accompanied with unbiased and capable leaders. Surely, the BJP would deliver what all is promised in the party manifesto post win; a definite restraint on unjustifiable words of party leader too is the need of the hour.

Residents of metro cities are proud of their lavish lifestyle. Movies every consecutive weekend, dinners in luxurious restaurants, EMI-backed cars, and branded clothing are what we feel our world is. Definitely, the rise in the spending capacity of citizens represents the strength of the nation’s economy. However, other parameters too exist, that measure the vulnerability of the economy to contingencies and tough times. Every penny that you spend/ consume is what you do not save. Higher your consumption, lesser the amount of savings and this in turn lessens the overall savings of the economy. Let’s first decide whether or not to save.

Future is unknown- The bare fact, which has helped insurers to set up regional offices in every corner of the nation. Hence, you may be asked to spend more than what you expected tomorrow. That too, without the option of postponing. This is when your savings turn out to be blessings, helping you spend on critical matters without hesitance. Let’s understand this with a situational analysis. In case I am paid INR 300 per day and I spend 200, saving 100 for future contingencies. Now, post 10 days I can afford visiting a doctor and shed 1000 that I saved. Not just for risks, we save for inflated benefits too. I could have bought a school uniform and books for my daughter with the saved 1000.

Yes, these are too common facts and we have learnt these from our ancestors. Yet, are we moving on the right track? 200 for a movie ticket, which comes out to 400 for 2 and 1000 for 5, and most of our movies are a hit. Ranging from glasses and shoes to cars and cellphones we possess, we are competing with the never-ending competitors. MNCs which have helped Indians fetch handsome salaries have on the contrary extended money to the hands of untested. The other effect is the enhanced purchasing power of one section of the society, which has lured sellers to extract more profits at same cost; however which in turn has let down those with restricted pays. The wide gap is bound to widen further with unjustifiable spending habits.

Let us also know how our spending and savings affect the overall economy of the nation of which we are a part. The corporate entities and the government too access available savings through banks and capital market by either borrowing or issuing shares/ bonds. Imagine the trouble when financial institutions do not have enough funds (savings from households) to meet the nation’s financing needs. Sub-optimal economic growth, sub-optimal job creation, and subnormal living standard in comparison to nations with better savings performance are the outcomes. Then, with inflationary powers you are bound to save nothing even if you wish to.

Imagine a distinct scenario now. Low saving households eventually enhance the burden on the government to provide social welfare services, limiting the government’s capacity to spend on infrastructural development viz. roads, railways, schools, hospitals, and ports. This is turn affects the growth of the industrial sector that demands proper infrastructure to prosper. Savings thus is one of the most vital pillars of the economy and households are its key constituents. I read this somewhere ‘Do not save what you are left with post spending; rather spend what is left post saving’. Herein too, start early, make sure that you comprehend your future financial needs, and entrust your money to reliable financial institutions.

We are the inhabitants of the second most populous country, however seventh largest in terms of area. Not a healthy equation. In terms of nominal GDP, our nation stands at eleventh position in the world, which further dips to 140th when we talk about nominal GDP per capita. Vital to note, as of 2011 we represented the world’s second largest labor force with over 486 million workers, however we rank 51st, 24th and 39th in terms of global competitiveness, banking sector and innovation respectively. As per the Planning Commission, 21 percent of the residents fall below the poverty line and the exact figure stands at 269.3 million. The most blatant of all is the citation by World Bank, which says that almost 49 percent of world’s underweight children, 34 percent of world’s stunted children and 46 percent of world’s wasted children live in India.

Worried to note the figures and facts? So am I; however our political leaders are least bothered. While counting his dubious achievements, our Finance Minister forgot to share these numbers, deliberately. Of all the figures mentioned above, you may note that our nation is though low on economic and basic necessity parameters; however in terms of population and labor force we supersede almost every other nation. Diversities of cultures, languages, and religions can definitely be felt proud of, our unjustifiably rising population is surely of no economic or social benefit. Rather, we are creating an environment wherein even fast recoveries and advancements in terms of economic viability would be offset by a slight increase in the number of members.

Can our nation afford the inflating population with limited resources, infrastructure, industrial growth and agricultural output? Definitely, no is the answer. What should then be done? One way of resolving this issue can be the expansion of our industries to absorb rising workforce, better agricultural output to ensure food for all, extension of police and armed forces for maintaining decorum and security, and enhanced educational facilities to make every child capable. This isn’t easy. Let’s look at the other side of the coin and try to come up with an alternative. Shouldn’t the groundless and unbearable population increase be curtailed with a view to serving the present inhabitants efficiently? Though extension of family and the nation is essential, there must be a check in place to ensure that we do not end up in a situation where a major section of our society would struggle to even arrange food for one time.

China has delivered an example which sooner or later has to be implemented in India too. ‘One child policy’, public relation campaigns, and easy access to contraception are accompanied with economic incentives as well as penalties. Incentives include priority access to better schools, healthcare, and housing for households who adhere to the policy; however those violating this are penalized with fines, loss of property, employment, and above all dignity. Surely, we can adopt the measures that suit our moral as well as social base. A committee can be entrusted with the responsibility to come up with an effective action plan that can be implemented to control population rise. Plus, general public shall also participate with suggestions and will since the outcomes of this measure would widely prosper every citizen. Let’s not run away from this concern as we have been doing since past many decades, rather take this as a challenge and deliver a better tomorrow that we and our children can be proud of.

Every business operates within the society and earns revenues from the social sphere. End-users of every product/ service are the constituents of the society and hence this sphere deserves to be awarded. With a view to delivering defined and compulsory measures for corporate houses with respect to paying back the community, the Companies Act 2013 embraces Corporate Social Responsibility norms.

Definitely, this must be viewed as an opportunity by the business houses to create a better nation and hence add value to their market standing. I disagree with those who look at this as an unwanted compulsion. Remember, in case direct and indirect taxes did not have statutory validity, revenue of the government would have been lesser, which subsequently would have not delivered the prosperous economy we live in.

Section 135 that comprehensively covers the subject-matter of Corporate Social Responsibility should be briefly looked into prior to any appreciation or criticism. Whether private or public, every company with either a net worth of INR 500 Crore or turnover of INR 1000 Crore or net profit of INR 5 Crore is mandatorily required to spend at least 2 percent of its average net profits for the immediately preceding three FYs on corporate social responsibility activities mentioned in the Schedule VII of the Act.

The rules embrace holding, subsidiary, and foreign companies which have branch or project office in India. It is considerable to note that while computing profit, profits from any overseas branch of the company, including those operating as separate entity and dividends received from any other company in India which separately complies with CSR obligations are to be excluded. Eradication of hunger and malnutrition, promoting education and gender equality, and setting up homes for women and orphans are few of the CSR activities mentioned in the Schedule VII.

An express mention of exclusion of contributions to political parties from CSR activity definitely deserves applauds. Compulsory composition of CSR Committee with inclusion of at least one Independent Director too adds to the strength of this Section. However, some loopholes too are to be paid attention to. The task of undertaking CSR activities can be entrusted to a registered trust or society, or even a company established by the entity’s holding, subsidiary, or associate company for this purpose.

Corporate corruption is unhidden. Misappropriation of funds cannot be overlooked. The Board or the management though proficient in their relevant business, however holding deficient expertise of social welfare may be lured to extend CSR funds to trusts/ societies working under their illicit supervision. Plus, ultimate profit to the company/ shareholders and programmes only in Board’s preferred area can be the objective rather than the motive to bring in unbiased social prosperity. Though an express mention of the fact that companies are restricted to use CSR fund for any business related activity, indirect appropriation of fund that will eventually lead to the affluence of shareholders is probable.

Public sector/ government companies run under the administration of state/ central government too are under the obligations of CSR rules; however ministers, who directly and indirectly influence the Board, are vulnerable to employ CSR funds exclusively in their constituencies. This can result in overflow of funds in one area; however the most deprived areas can stay unnoticed. Inequality in income distribution will thus be accompanied with inequality in social welfare. Yes, there are ways to trim down such instances comprehensively.

To ensure that the funds, which would go as high as thousands of crores with fair participation both from the private as well as the public sector companies, are pooled and then utilized for actual social welfare, the MCA can look forward to establishing a statutory body with independent members holding requisite expertise of running welfare programmes as constituents. The body shall be entrusted with the task of applying funds to the activities that call for immediate attention. This way, the government would also be able to extend welfare programmes beyond the revenues generated from collection of taxes and grants. Surely, the capacity of the government would be enhanced and real reforms would come sooner than later. The underlying target of all-inclusive prosperity can thus be achieved uncomplicatedly and assuredly.

Every time the circumstances call for re-electing of our representatives, we are bound to witness blatant words and unjustifiable favors. Political leaders have, I believe, redefined the word ‘Secular’. In a wider sense, ‘Secularism’ can be viewed as an integral part of our constitution, which upholds that the people of India have freedom of religion and the state shall treat all alike. But what have our politicians modified it to? It is a common accepting these days that one who talks about the betterment of the minority religions is a pure secular. On the contrary, one who promotes the ideology of ‘prosperity of all’ is neither secular nor communal, and those advocating the advancement of a majority religion are definitely communal. This is how we view the concept of secularism in India, the world’s largest democracy. Are we on a right track?

Though our constitution speaks of equal treatment of all individuals, Article 46 directs the state to promote educational and economic interests of weaker sections, and in particular SCs and STs. The clause was thought upon with a target to breach the wall of exploitation and social injustice. Shall I call this as the beginning of what we are currently witnessing and suffering with? Your answer may be ‘No’; and I too admire the inclusion of this Article; however the prime motive of equal treatment is unreached. Post the independence, political parties have relied upon particular castes and/or religions with a view to come to power. Rather than bridging the gap between communities, our leaders haven’t left any stone unturned to widen the same. Motive? Extraordinary favor from a particular group.

I will talk about some facts. In 2011, GOI announced establishment of a sub-quota of 4.5 percent for minorities within the existing 27 percent reservation for OBCs just 2 days prior to the announcement of assembly elections in five states by the EC. The government alleged that Muslims are unable to compete with Hindu OBCs and hence they deserved a special treatment. EC quashed this and later the head of the Sachar Committee criticized this step saying that the GOI’s promises would not in any way help the backward sections and this is like befooling them. He added, ‘Political leaders are making these claims to win elections, and rather than reservations the government should focus on refining administration and governance.

The Supreme Court of India has recently advocated reservation for the third sex in employment and education. Prior to this, none of the political parties were even bothered. The reason is straight. The third sex wasn’t recognized as eligible voters. Let us focus on what is our role in this entire dilemma. Surely, we are vulnerable to perks and special benefits. It is easy to fetch support on religious lines and we hardly resist. Soft targets are the minorities and even that too Muslims. Reason? Muslims are second to Hindus in terms of population percentage. Not too less; however enough to play a decisive role in the formation of government. Even lesser in number are Jains (0.4 percent) and Buddhists (0.8 percent), still none of the political parties have any special policies for them. Reason? You can interpret it now.

Readers will surely relate my thoughts with my religion and can say that my idea of writing is to restrict special treatment afforded to minorities. However, my intention is to help the nation achieve an environment wherein voters are asked to vote by comparing administrative skills and prosperity delivered. Remember, as long as we vote with a view to safeguarding our individual homes, the only beneficiaries will be our representatives.

Budgeting and forecasting are inseparable functions of management. Our political parties, however, refrain from projecting the future environment while declaring their proposed deliveries post win. Election manifestos are like a dream world. Definitely, foreign investors would have extended extensive support in case these manifestos were based on scientific and reliable statistical calculations. Every state and the nation as a whole would have been in a prosperous position until now with attributes like immense job prospects, equality of income distribution, basic facilities, and sturdy economy. Sad to notice, this isn’t real.

The real picture is distinct and blatant. Post five years of administration, the governing political groups disremember the promises they made a few years ago. Unlike in a business entity wherein past performance and future probabilities are viewed as a basis to frame policies, the uppermost echelon of entrepreneurs, MPs and MLAs, disregards any such strategic management exercise. Reason? Zero accountability and minimal control. Let’s discuss these vital wings of administration with respect to state governance.

Accountability follows responsibility. The constitution of India has defined directive principles for state policy that bestows upon the shoulders of our representatives the responsibility to deliver effective and unbiased outcomes. However, accountability remains unmentioned. Though many argue stating that the general public counts the deliveries of the government and uses voting rights as a weapon to either reward or punish the government. But, is that all? Shouldn’t there be in place a definite set of guidelines and parameters to track the deliveries of the government? Those responsible for assuring capable governance must be held accountable for what they actually delivered.

The three sessions, Budget, monsoon, and winter should be assessed, and any attempt to restrict the functioning during these sessions must be curtailed and punished too. Cut in compensation, and a body to monitor fair conduct of MPs, MLAs, and MLCs during sessions, with provision for depriving culprits of voting and attending rights shall be in place. Management embraces policy-making, implementation, and its control too. Our parliamentary sphere, however, has entirely given away with the control function. While independent committees and groups are entrusted with the task of reporting any deviations from the predetermined budget in business houses, our governments are never answerable for even wide deviations from what they proudly promised in their manifesto.

Ever thought why the model code of conduct is applicable only during the election season? Announcement of any favorable policies, carrying of large amount of money, defamatory remarks, and courtesy to any particular religion/ caste is barred only during the election period. Are these beneficial at other times (save the beneficiary and unbiased policies)? The words of the Congress candidate from Saharanpur for the prime ministerial candidate of the BJP were asked to be ignored by the Vice-President of Congress on grounds that the incidence was 6 months old. Doesn’t that conclude that our representatives are free to threaten anyone save the election period? Funny that sounds, however, is the harsh reality of our democracy.

Yes, solutions are many. The model code of conduct should be accorded legal status throughout and not just for a specific period. Behavioral aspects viz. groundless allegations, inflammatory speeches, and nuisance during parliamentary and state legislative sessions should have no space. Independent regulatory body must be constituted not only to report any deviations from the declared manifesto, but also to penalize the responsible representatives for non-delivery. Political parties must not only be encouraged; they shall be directed to rely on rational forecasts prior to committing any and everything in their manifestos. Surely, our MPs and MLAs are the ones, who are looked forward to for the framing and implementation of any piece of law; public awakening and questioning will be the driving force.

New politicians, new ideas, and all new campaigning tactics. Definitely, transparency and equivalent favor to all should be an inseparable part of any democracy, however, is it fair to comment on reputed business houses without proper evidences? The election season is at its peak and the phase of pointing out flaws in other political groups has traversed every limitation. Though our ancestors too viewed the criticism of competitive forces, however, altogether new techniques have taken over. Political parties, and specifically newly emerged groups have found a safe route to grab publicity.

Targeting corporate houses for their relationships with politicians has become customary. With a view to fetching attention and converting the same to votes, new political leaders when left with no other evidences of corruption or mala fide governance come up with ‘exclusive photographs’ and ‘hot conversations’ of other politicians with industrial entrepreneurs. Surely, the voters pay heeds to such instances; however, shall our support rely on such factors?

While almost every other voter aspires for safe and prosperous job prospects, where are these opportunities created? Can a nation, howsoever rich in terms of social aspects, survive without a stable economy? And, can we think of an economy without corporate houses? Not just the job-seekers, the shareholders, investors, financial institutions, creditors, and consumers are affected even with a slight detriment to the standing of any company. Then why it has become a trend of today’s politics to convict companies and their entrepreneurs in a courtroom of its own?

Media, electronic as well as print, has provided an effective platform to political leaders to share views with the mass. And, what we have been witnessing since past few months are ‘Breaking News’, wherein new leaders come up with some papers and declare the illicit relationship between a government and a corporate house. That too, alleging that a common man’s money is being mismanaged and unjust favors are being extended with a view to extract monetary favors from corporates. Then what? The press conference comes to an end and the whistle blowers disremember to rely on our judicial system. Easy, isn’t it?

In the past recent days, we have seen a political group alleging extension of unjustifiable courtesies to Reliance Industries. Let me make you aware that as on March 31st, 2013 the company engaged 23519 employees for its operations, along with providing earning opportunities to 29462 temporary employees. As per the survey of Brand Finance, Reliance is the second most valuable brand in India, hence has abundant shareholders and plays a vital role in representing the nation’s economy in the global arena. Those attacking Adani Group must realize that this conglomerate in energy, logistics, and resources sector extends jobs to 10400 (2012-13) employees and has more than 45000 non-institutional individual shareholders. Any decadent endeavor to damage company’s repute will result in a collective loss.

The role of industries and corporates is indispensible in any economy. While a government is expected to introduce measures so as to enhance domestic and global investment, political groups on the contrary are on the verge of declaring every corporate house corrupt. Can we ever think of a state leader who maintains an arm’s length relationship with corporate entrepreneurs to bring in the prosperity we aspire of? Definitely, the government and corporate houses are bound to interact, share grievances, and come up with united measures to uplift the economy. Bona fide allegations are what can help overcome corporate corruption; however, the ongoing scenario will worsen the economic catastrophe.

Did you ever count the number of hours you spend in real productive activities? Or, did you ever notice how much engaged you are with social networking applications, election discussions, IPL fever, and instant messaging services? While we are busy counting the drawbacks of our political leaders, the likes and comments on our new feed, and the declining economy of the country, we never care about our contribution. This is where we lack and thus create an environment where the nation can hardly prosper.

It has been our tendency to blame the leaders, managers, and authorities for deficiency of better work prospects. What about our personal contributions towards nation building? Though we never assess our participation in the economic development, we collectively define the roadmap to nation’s glory. Post watching an IPL match, we are busy criticizing the team structure and the bowler who wasn’t able to contain runs. And then, we are ready for the next match.

From past many months elections have been the subject-matter of our discussions. Offices, government departments, and even colleges have developed into premises of dialogues where every other individual has a distinctive opinion. We analyze the past deliveries of the government, and discuss future political assumptions; however are least bothered with the fact that our productive time is what we are sacrificing. Though our active participation is the need of the hour, this should not hamper the economic prosperity of our organizations.

Better governance is what we all aspire from the national leaders; however we fail to contribute our stake. Involvement of personnel in political discussions during working hours is not that can help the nation achieve the desired GDP. Individual businesses participate in developing products and services that collectively represent the country’s GDP growth; hence this in turn demands honest and time-bound delivery by the professionals. Above all, we rarely follow time promises. If the meeting is scheduled at 10, we pre-suppose it as 11. Was this 1 hour productive, or were we busy checking our cellphones for any new notifications from social networks?

Lesser attention towards official work and execution of personal tasks and family commitments is a trend in most of the employees working in state/central government departments and public sector undertakings which has led to decline in the performance of these crucial pillars of economy. Plus, features like job security and negligible accountability have enhanced relaxation among government employees. Punctuality is assured while non-productive activities; however when it comes to reporting at office we are usually late. Small businesses and proprietary firms often witness the in-charge reporting late and that too followed by engagement in private obligations during working hours. With a supervisor carrying laid-back attitude, what can be expected out of workers?

Early mornings and late hours during nights are spent on web applications that are sure to make profits for their own, however rarely add to nation’s productivity. And, the aftereffects of our conversations too add to our lessened working hours. Behavioral factors that include pleasure, sorrow, fear, and anger are ignited post our visit to social networking webpages and messaging applications. A typical professional who attends office for eight hours loses uncountable hours in such activities, which subsequently adds to the decline in efficiency and thus hampering the overall business output. Above all is the fact that we are least bothered.

Ever thought why western countries were able to realize better outputs despite of five-day working culture? Work during work and play during play. That also implies no official phone calls during play hours. This is what that helped the professionals attain glory that we aspire of. Though we are in the phase of adopting the five-day work culture, sturdy commitment during working hours is a basic necessity. Why do we overlook the fact that our individual hard work is the key to prosperity, personal as well as mutual? Political parties have too comprehended the non-workaholic attitude of citizens and hence have come up with policies that promise everything for nothing.

Wake up. Other side of the coin demands that the employer too shall restrict bothering personnel post office hours except in pressing circumstances. Sooner we realize, in a better tomorrow we are. My purpose of writing is restricted to helping individuals realize their role in the collective prosperity of the nation. In no way, I disagree with the usefulness of social networking platforms and active participation of citizens in political discussions; however definite time should be allotted for such activities making sure that working hours are exploited to the maximum helping the nation deliver better GDP, cost-effective and revenue-rich industries, and of course superior employment prospects.

With a view to inject much-needed transparency and to address the concerns of land holders, the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 has replaced the more than a century old Land Acquisition Act, 1894. The prime motive is to facilitate land acquisition for industrialization, infrastructure, and urbanization on one hand and to address the concerns of dependent livelihoods on the other.

Surely, the wellbeing of the land owners has been taken care of extensively, the chief objective of acquiring land is somewhat deserted. The acquirers and end-buyers of the infrastructural projects would appreciate the transparency; however more than justified and lucrative benefits to the land owners are tend to slower the pace of infrastructural development. Discussed hereunder are some of the highlights of this new revolutionary-termed Act.

Let’s focus on the special provisions of the Act for the benefits of the farmers. The Collector is bestowed upon with the responsibility to ensure that no other unutilized land is available prior to considering any land acquisition. Farmers will be entitled to up to 4 times the highest sale price (though this would add to the cost for the end-buyers). For ensuring fair acquisition, a clause has been added that demands prior-consent of at least 70 percent land losers in case the government looks to acquire land for public-private partnership projects and 80 percent in case of private companies.

Above all, the share from increased land value when acquired land is sold off to another party has been set to 40 percent which shall be distributed amongst the farmers. Land that is acquired if used for urbanization purposes would result in offering of 20 percent of the developed land to the farmers in proportion to the area of their land acquired at a price equivalent to cost of acquisition and development. Amounts accrued are exempted from Income Tax as well as Stamp Duty.

Other prominent factors include payment of compensation within a period of three months from the date of the award, plus monetary and infrastructure R&R entitlements within six months and eighteen months respectively from the date of the award. Considerable to note, mandatory employment for one member per family, or INR 5 lakh per family, or INR 2000/month as annuity for 20 years are the options that can be availed by the affected families.

Surely, the concerns of the land owners have been addressed to maximum possible extent; however the coin has the other side too. Benefits that have been showered upon the land owners would add to the cost of acquisition which subsequently would be extracted from the purchasers of the projects. Another bottleneck for the acquirers will be the time duration for receiving consents from the authorities, Gram Sabhas, and the requisite percentage of the land owners. The move of the Government has been much appreciated by the land owners and experts.

In a country wherein approvals from the authorities are the chief bottlenecks towards effective project implementation, the new law seems to enhance such disturbances. To assure that the infrastructural development moves with an accelerated pace, the authorities will have to realign their procedures and guidelines. Time-driven approvals and sanctions are much-required. The new government that will be looked upon as the driving force for infrastructural development will have to face the challenges brought in by this new piece of legislation. The real intention of urbanization and industrialization can thus remain unachieved.

The incapability of developers to acquire land for such high consideration is rare to serve any purpose. Not just the developers, the Infrastructure Finance Companies (IFCs) and lending institutions would suffer from the unjustifiable increase in the compensation and other perquisites. The servicing of debt by the developers can become problematic in case the end-buyers find it uneconomic to invest/ buy. The law-makers’ progressive thinking and strategic management skills are somewhat missing. The upcoming union government would be clueless to manage something that has promised too much for land owners who would now resist to any modifications, with hindrance to the much-needed infrastructural and economic growth.

Stability, for sure is the need of the hour. Forget regional political groups coming up with an alternative as this will bring in an all-new set of preferences, demands, and shortcomings. Those not extending support to national political parties must realize that the prime hindrance towards policy drafting and implementation in the past years has been the unjustifiable attitude of alliances. Though the incompetent strategy-building ability of the union ministers can be blamed for the decline of Indian economy, the reliance of the government on the support of BSP and SP was too a limiting factor.

So, shall we talk about those who can come up with a much reliable proposition? When we talk about Narendra Modi, Arvind Kejriwal, and Rahul Gandhi, they seem to have a lot in common with numerous differences too. All these three men have been promising to deliver a better and safer tomorrow, with dignity of being employed and self-dependent. I will try to analyze all three of these politicians and will then conclude.

Not many knew about the past deliveries of Arvind Kejriwal prior to his being a part of the much-acclaimed Anna’s movement against corruption. From IIT to Indian Revenue Services, AK has surely proved his intellectuality. However, he refrained from being an activist for long and aspired to deliver changes by being within the sphere of dirty-politics. The beginning was slow, but people who were tired of the same old faces welcomed new ones with massive support. First–time contesting party, AAP came up with magical numbers and AK became the CM of Delhi.

You can call it as the day of sacrifice or the day AK committed the chief mistake of his life- The day when he quit. Was he replicating Sonia’s action of 2004? The beloved activist had until now understood politics and had developed strategies to achieve success. From then, we can witness AK trying to revitalize his supporters using all hooks and crooks. Many have now considered that AAP has fallen into the same line of political entities; however the outcomes of polls are yet to be declared.

With all the best and bad experiences in life, Rahul Gandhi promises everything and anything to his people via the Congress-manifesto. With a quiet entrance in the field of politics, this young leader achieved a lot during the last years of UPA-1 and the beginning of UPA-2. However, the later days did not prove promising. Though the entire 2014 campaigning is being handled by Rahul Gandhi, the future of the Congress looks extremely worrying. The young leader has still to learn the art of managing the organization within the party and connecting with the mass. From being very polite and supportive even to the competing parties, Rahul Gandhi has now acquired louder public speaking skills. Yet, perfection is still awaited.

BJP is all set to mark a sturdy presence this time by relying on the proven track record of Narendra Modi. His Gujarat model, administrative abilities, public-speaking art, political success, and larger than life persona has definitely resulted in such an environment wherein the voters aren’t voting for their local BJP candidate, however are voting for Modi. Modi, who comes from a poor family, is a perfect example for those who believe in achieving success through a proper route. Challenges for him include fetching support from the Muslims and handling the always-nasty internal organization of the BJP.

The polls of 2014 are so much talked about and the experts say ‘it is either Modi or not-Modi’. People are either voting ‘for-Modi’ or ‘against-Modi’, a unique equation. Definitely, this Indian has something which attracts everyone, and promises a prosperous tomorrow.

Everyone is talking about the declining GDP growth rate and the ever-high inflation rate. The UPA-led union government is being continuously blamed for the economic chaos, and guess what, the finance minister is counting his achievements. The most prominent of all are the highest decline of Indian currency against the U.S. dollar and the GDP growth at below 5 percent. I will talk in real terms and figures to compare the performance of the economy during the NDA and the UPA reign.

Let me begin with the most vital factor that determines the health of an economy- Gross Domestic Product. The UPA inherited the GDP growth rate of above 8 percent from the NDA, which has now fallen at 4.96 percent. Considerable to note, the UPA began its voyage of administration when the global and domestic markets were at boom. The other comparable figures are the industry growth rate, agricultural growth rate, and the services growth rate that stand at 7.32, 9.05, and 8.06 percent respectively during the NDA rule and at 3.12, 1.79, and 6.59 percent respectively in the UPA rule. The drastic downfall in the industrial and agricultural growth rate will be the bottlenecks for the new government; while moderate decline in the services growth rate can be linked with thrilling outsourcing to the IT sector wherein the government hasn’t played any role.

Inflation, that has restricted the households to just the necessities, mounted to 7.8 percent (WPI) in the FY 2013 while the same stood at 5.5 percent in the FY 2004. Another notable achievement of the NDA reign was the 61 percent increase in the GDP during the FY 2003 in comparison to the FY 1998. Let me now share a few vital economic ratios to enlighten the works of Chidambaram. The ratio of net market borrowing/budget expenditure has touched 38 percent in the UPA reign, which stood at 18.8 percent in the FY 2004. The environment, when the UPA took over the governance from NDA, was highly appreciative and the same ratio during the FY 2005 dropped under 10 percent. However, the subsequent years witnessed inefficient spending by the central government and hence no improvements could be achieved.

The debt/GDP ratio of the union government was above 60 percent during the NDA ruling and this can be linked with the implementation of the much-needed Fifth Pay Commission which almost doubled the wages. Vital to note, the NDA lowered the rate of interest on small savings and the resulting savings in the interest accompanied with global growth flowed to the UPA government, however the aimless policies of the government were unable to fetch any positive benefits. The substantial market borrowing of the UPA government together with the funds extended by the Reserve Bank will add to the worries of the new government. A figure not at all to be proud of is the 63 percent increase in the households’ cost of living from the end of 2008 to the end of 2013.

It is evident that after having inherited a robust economy from the NDA, the UPA ruined it to such an extent that the upcoming government will have to leave no stone unturned to get this fixed. Plus, tough and visionary measures will be the need of the hour.

What happened on the 8th of April 2014 showed us the real picture of politics, and leaders’ approach to seek support. A cabinet minister of the state who is bestowed upon with the responsibility of governance did not even think twice prior to saying that a particular community helped the nation win the war of Kargil. Categorization of army men on the basis of religion can be looked upon as the most disrespectful and illicit way to gather votes. SP chief Mulayam Singh has recently justified the discontinuance of death sentence for rapists alleging that ‘boys are tend to make mistakes’. And, so are our politicians.

What drives politicians to deliver such speeches and yet escape any punishment from the commission that stands responsible for fair and free elections? Let us quickly remember a few instances that corrupted the face of democracy. Who can forget the provocative speech of the All India Majlis-e-Ittehad-ul Muslimeen MLA, Akbarudin Owaisi. The intention was clear- Support on communal lines. Other noticeable, yet shameless incident was when the Congress candidate from Saharanpur, Imran Masud was found delivering a note in public that was intended to provoke the residents against the prime ministerial candidate of the BJP. While we are travelling to a world of tomorrow that talks about human rights, integrity, and respect for all, a separate line of politicians are still carving their way to the Parliament on communal lines.

Yes, the diversity of this nation may be the reason why our representatives are prone to exploit such ways; however, the protection of our richness should what they must aim at. What can you expect from other leaders of a political group, the President of which alleges community leaders to safeguard the split of votes to other parties? While we choose our leaders to bring in prosperity and open new ways of earning livelihood, our MPs and MLAs are least bothered. They have so far realized the fact that the residents of this nation are less attentive towards development and more focused towards gaining personal benefits. Let’s now come out of the instances of MNS leaders resorting to violence against the migrants from other cities and a senior leader of the Congress, Beni Prasad Verma calling a prime ministerial candidate a ‘goon’ and party’s president his slave.

It is necessary to uncover the factors that have led the leaders take a safer route towards agitating communal sentiments, and yet escaping any penalties. The voters, to whichever community they belong to, are never hesitated to welcome additional benefits for their religion/ caste while keeping the other communities’ interests at stake. It is so uncomplicated for the religious and political leaders to lure voters with perks and with statements that rank their community superior to the others. On the second hand, the EC has always been lenient and inattentive towards the speeches that agitate communalism. At least a single instance of cancellation of the candidature is the need of the hour to set a stringent example.

The Army officials played an eminent role in defining the principle that anyone who fights for the country’s pride is an Indian and no division on communal lines will be allowed. Voters too must encourage leaders to follow such footsteps and must curtail any of their attempts to fetch votes on basis of communal hatred. Let’s term this pure process of selecting a deserving and capable representative a ‘competitive test’ rather than a ‘battle-ground’.

Is the BJP hyping the Gujarat development model to lure voters around the nation? Or, the Chief Minister of this much talked about state has actually delivered more than the other political leaders? Definitely, the voters must assure that the real picture is uncovered prior to concluding. ‘Is Baar Modi Sarkar’ has outshined all other campaigning tools and statements, and above all, the phrase has ranked the Chief Minister of a state above the national political entity, BJP. The need of the hour is to know the ground reality and then extend support to any of the claiming political groups/ leaders.

A noticeable expression by Forbes India- ‘Gujarat’s growth story is an expression of the chief minister’s authoritarian power’. To start with, I will talk about the comments of critics who say that the historical and traditional entrepreneurship is what that helped Gujarat achieve the success we all talk about. What about the caliber of the Rajasthani Marwaris who despite of staying and building Rajasthan a role model migrated to Gujarat in search of enhanced business prospects? 12.8 percent agricultural growth in last five years as compared to the national average of 2 percent. Programmes like ‘SCOPE’ for imparting English language skills, and increase in the number of technical education institutes from 442 (in 2001) to 18000 are the landmarks in Gujarat’s educational module.

Further, the initiative, EMPOWER enrolls more than 100 thousand students for computer education. Herein too, 84 percent students come from rural areas and 35000 are women. Sorry, you cannot find chewing tobacco as it is banned in Gujarat. The next, I would uncover the fact that the state of Gujarat is one of those seven states that has lower poverty ratio for Muslims as compared to the Hindus both in urban as well as rural parts. The figure, 7.7 percent is what makes Gujarat the state with lowest poverty ratio for the Muslims when we consider rural areas. From 2004-05 to 2011-12, the period witnessed a fall of 21.8 percent in poverty ratio for the Scheduled Castes and Muslims. Also, the SCs poverty ratio is only 1.4 percent higher than that of the general castes; however, the same gap is much wider nationally.

Next, the Comptroller and Auditor General of India in the report of 2012 revealed that the state of Gujarat, from 2006-07 to 2010-11, was able to lower the proportion of underweight children by 32 percent, which, if talked about at the national level was only 9 percent. When talked about the ratio of female to male child, Gujarat was able to increase the figure of 865 per thousand to 903 per thousand from 2004-06 to 2008-10, thus showing better results in relative terms at the national level (892 to 905). Manufacturing sector in Gujarat accounts for 40 percent of state GDP as compared to 27 percent of national GDP. The only state where ground water level has increased in the last 8 years is Gujarat. Water management structures like check dams, boribandhs, and khet talavadis have been created in the last 10 years totaling to over 5.5 lakh in number.

The state’s own tax revenue as percentage of total tax revenue is the highest in the country. Japanese companies have relied on transparent and swift land acquisition policy, abundant electricity, and good infrastructure as said by Japan’s Ambassador, Takeshi Yagi. Narendra Modi’s tough stand on corruption has helped the state not to be a part of controversial corruption cases. The report of Labor Bureau says that Gujarat’s unemployment rate stands at 27 percent as compared with 63 percent, 57 percent, 56 percent, and 48 percent in Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, Chandigarh, and Punjab respectively. Gujarat has emerged as one of the most secure states for women in the Female Security Index survey conducted by Tata Strategic Management Group.

A few more truths unearth that 25 percent of the national GDP comes from Gujarat. In the same context, 24 percent, 35 percent, and 51 percent of India’s textile, pharmaceutical, and petrochemical productions respectively come from Gujarat. The ‘Jyotigram Yojana’ delivers 24 hour power supply to nearly 100 percent of Gujarat’s 18000 villages. Considerable to note, all the villages in the state have broadband internet connectivity. When we talk about infrastructure, with schemes like Pragatipath, Pravasipath and Vikaspath Yojanas, the state has successfully connected tribal belts, coastal, industrial and rural areas with mainstream areas and the extremities of the state, triggering faster development in comparison to other states.

For those who have nothing except the Godhra massacre must know that the Special Investigation Team has reported that the state government took all possible measures and no evidence shows the participation of Narendra Modi. While many say that the experience of running a state would no way serve as a push to govern the nation, it is vital to note that the state of Gujarat is more or less equivalent to the U.K. in terms of area as well as population. Also, the U.S. presidents including George W Bush and Bill Clinton who proved competent had been state governors prior to tackling the issues at the national level. The battle has begun. Let’s wait for the final verdict of the voters.

Did you ever think why a political party could afford to think beyond boundaries? The answer is straight and uncomplicated. AAP does not have anything to lose. By that, I mean there are no legal stakeholders to whom the party stands accountable to. Hence they can surpass the foremost condition of expansion, which is the interest of the stakeholders. In the same context, I was astounded to notice the amount of donations prescribed at the official website of AAP. It asks to choose from 201, 501, 1100, 2100, and similar other options. Are they asking for any ceremonial contributions, or are they linking their aid-seeking process to rituals? And above all, the title says ’Contribute to fight corruption’. Are AK’s consistent visits to distinct states for campaigning being considered as fight against corruption by the party leaders? While the media and political parties are criticizing the controversies of this newly-emerged entity, I would restrict myself to the basics. The Delhi incident is much talked about; hence let’s take a bird’s view at some recent deeds of AAP.

The AAP manifesto is enlightened with headings which include ‘Education for all’, ‘Improving farmers’ livelihood’, ‘Animal Welfare’, ‘Robust economic growth’, and ‘Gender Justice’. We all know what financial institutions look for when individuals and businesses approach for credit- Past deliveries and capacity to return. On what grounds then AAP is seeking the support of general public? Complaints and promises are all what they hold, with no vision and strategy. The NDTV forecasts reveal that the AAP can fetch 29 percent, 14 percent, and 8 percent votes in Delhi, Punjab, and Haryana respectively, while in the states of Maharashtra, Bihar, and UP the party can acquire 3 percent votes in favor. The statutory requisite for being declared as a national party is at least 6 percent of vote shares in four states. This concludes that the probability of being recognized as a national party is bare minimum. However, the party is not statutorily accountable to the volunteers who contributed in form of funds, or for that matter who extended support by being a part of the campaigns and roadshows. This enables AAP to go for the uncertain expansion without having in place a provision for risk management.

Now, let us also take a sneak peak as to what can be the statistics in case AAP comes out with some magical numbers, yet again. The party leaders allege that they would not extend or seek support of any other political party, the same statement which they made prior to the declaration of Delhi state election results. As per AK, the nation would witness re-elections within a year. The picture is clear- unstable government, or president’s rule. Now, do you think this would serve any purpose? Would corruption, rising prices, and inequality of income distribution come to an end post such proposition? Definitely, ‘NO’ is the answer. The voters, therefore, despite of relying upon the promises of any political group must come up with a vibrant motive to support those who have a proven background of proficient governance. Ultimately, the real power rests with the voters, hence logical and adept verdict is much-needed.

Besides ‘Economic Revival’, ‘Open Government and Accountable Administration’, ‘Rural and Urban Development’, ‘PPPP Model’, and ‘Corruption’, the BJP Manifesto- 2014 also talks about the construction of Ram Temple in Ayodhya within the framework of the Constitution and Uniform Civil Code. As expected, the Congress has appealed to the Election Commission with a charge that the inclusion of the Ram Temple construction is a violation of the model code as it is an attempt to fetch votes on religious lines.

Is the BJP so guilty to have said that they would facilitate the construction of the Temple, however constitutional and other statutory implications would be adhered to? What was the Congress attempting while appealing to the Shahi Imam that the Muslim votes should not split? Wasn’t that the infringement of the model code of conduct as laid down by the EC? What is the AAP attempting by favoring swift judicial settlements in cases against the Muslims? Surely, every political party is looking forward to fetching support in view of communal and regional disparity. What matters the most is the use of illicit ways to lure particular communities to vote in favor.

The RSS, which has been trying to convince the citizens with the development model of Narendra Modi, doesn’t absolutely deny the fact that the integrity of the Hindus is in danger and the Modi-led government can only be the revival force. The RSS workers in Muzzafarnagar are talking to the general public to educate them with the datum that the central and the state government have dishonestly favored special communities to fetch support. The fact is that these governments have relied upon the votes of these particular communities, however, have betrayed them as well as the justice.

Some of the RSS workers who have been assigned the task to promote the development model of Modi agree that Hindutva too is a vital parameter. While they are not provoking the Hindus to resort to unlawful measures, they are attempting to make it possible for every voter to exploit the right to choose a deserving candidate. Why then the honest attempts of the RSS and BJP workers to educate the Hindu voters being considered as communal? It is an established trend now, that the party that talks about the betterment of the minorities is secular in real sense, however the political group/ leader favoring the prosperity of the majority and the entire nation is communal.

Definitely, the voters need to comprehend the real intentions and motives of the political entities. Inclusion of matters like the swift justice to a particular community and advancement of special religions in the Manifesto are easy ways to attract votes. Rather, the vision and capability of the candidate must be assessed in view of past deliveries. The focus of the voter, to any religion he/she belongs to, should be aimed at strengthening the roots of the economy and all-inclusive prosperity for all religions, regions, and castes.

Is boom in the economic prosperity of the nation the only factor that can overcome the concerns of millions? Try walking into a police station to get a complaint registered, approaching your local representative to get the road repaired, or asking for swift justice in the court and you would know what else we need. Surely, the general elections of 2014 are unlike the previous ones; however the political parties just have two prominent subject-matters to talk about- Secularism, and Economic Inefficiency.

Post the industrial reforms of 1991, liberalization and globalization delivered pace to the economy, which in turn paid incentives to private entities, employees, and the government. Sad to note, neither the educational facilities improve nor the poverty figure declined with the same pace. The consumer electronics, telecommunication, retail clothing, and automobile market are uninterruptedly fetching revenues, and we still are just focusing on economic dexterity. Though, the GDP growth rate needs to be worked upon sooner than later; judicial, legislative, and political reforms too are much-needed.

In June last year, the Central Information Commission declared to embrace political parties under the purview of the RTI. Without delay, the political groups united and the roll back was announced. Considerable to note, more than INR 35,000 crore are being expended in the polls of 2014, the figure that has made the general election most costly than ever. Untraceable cash contributions to the funds of the national parties account for more than 75 percent.

Fielding of candidates with severe charges of corruption by almost every political party remains unchanged. The government, with a view to extend a helping hand to law-violators, made legislative amendments to the ruling of the Apex Court that would have restricted politicians convicted of crimes to hold their offices. The Election Commission despite of noticing numerous violations of the model code of conduct has not even debarred a single candidate. Shouldn’t the state be delivered with much stringent laws that can restrict the involvement of law-breakers in politics? Plus, model code and constitution for every political party must be in place that can promise undeviating and strict conformity.

The mounting figure in respect to the number of pending suits, which is currently 32 million, is expected to rise as new courts are rarely coming into the picture. The judiciary, which was looked upon as the most honored wing, has also been charged with incidences of dishonest conduct. The Judicial Standards and Accountability Bill, proposed by the government, encountered protest from the constituents of the judicial wing. The Bill aimed at assuring transparency in the functioning and independent investigation of charges related to judicial corruption.

First-time voters, who stand at 230 million in number, shall bring in change that can restrict politicians from luring public in view of caste and communal differences. Until when, would we select our representative on basis of religion and caste favoring attitude? More than economic reforms, the nation calls for deeper and sturdy restructuring of the political, judicial, administrative, and legislative pillars. Upcoming MPs must too consider this willingly.

BJP MP Shri Yashwant Sinha’s 18 questions on the present state of economy are proving to be the kind of questions akin to YAKSHYA PRASHNAS to which Chidambaram has no clue and thus is beating around the bush. BJP has raised very valid and pointed questions on the state of economy and has also based its campaign on these issues. However, Chidambaram has brazenly brushed aside the pithy questions and indulged in same old rhetoric bordering on arrogance. Perhaps the party, to which the present FM belongs, by not responding to the pointed questions, has only admitted the charges alleged by Mr. Sinha. To be more specific the following analysis reveals the above theory.

(a)   GDP growth rate crashed to 4.6 percent, mounting inflation restricted the household necessities, and slump in the industrial sector witnessed trimmed down investments and lessened prospects for the increasing workforce. The questions asked by the BJP leader have finally been answered; however it was sad to notice the vague and dubious rebuttals from a person who is in-charge of the economy of the nation. Yashwant Sinha had questioned the caliber of Chidambaram, who according to Sinha has proved to be the most unproductive finance minister of all times.

(b)   Plus, Sinha charged the FM with the allegation of being responsible for the ever-declined GDP and intolerable fiscal deficit. The charges included infrastructure drawbacks, downfall of rupee, losses incurred as a result of subsidies, and unbearable price hikes. Sinha questioned the potential of the Finance Minister who inherited a healthy economy delivered by the NDA with growth rate of 8 percent. Let’s take a sneak peak as to what Chidambaram has claimed in his defense.

(c)    To start with, Chidambaram claimed to have contained inflation and fiscal deficit. It is vital to note here that the original cost of 738 significant projects monitored by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, which was INR 9.05 lakh crore has now mounted to INR 10.79 lakh crore, the reason being inflation. Also, the government has been blaming the global slowdown for the dip in the growth; however the deputy chairman of the Planning Commission, Montek Singh Ahluwalia spoke about the domestic factors in the same context at World Economic Forum in January this year.

(d)   Next, Chidambaram claimed to have controlled the current account deficit which would likely be USD 35 billion for the FY 2014. Herein, it shall be noted that the current account of India reached an all-time high of USD 7.36 billion in 2004, while fell to – USD 31.86 billion in 2012. It is tough to understand as to what control Chidambaram is claiming to have attained. Lastly, the FM reiterated his 10-points agenda that he emphasized in Vote for Account 2014 speech. Did he forget that he misinterpreted the environmental standards and vulnerability of rupee that resulted in the widening of deficits?

(e)    The facts and figures are no way in consensus with the words of P Chidambaram. As per the certified Economic Survey for the FY 2012-13, the restraint in growth is chiefly linked with the slump in the industrial sector which registered a discouraging growth rate of 3.5 percent in 2011-12 and 3.1 percent in 2012-13. Definitely, the approach of the UPA-led government was unjustifiable as booming of investments was never thought about.

(f)     The economy during the UPA regime has delivered insecure jobs to limited workforce, dysfunctional public health and education system, paucity of infrastructure (roads, railways, ports, water supply, power, and sanitation), banking sector that is prone to loan defaults due to delayed projects and condensed growth, range of inefficient programmes with high stress and limited benefits (food security, rural employment guarantee etc.), and stagnation in the manufacturing output despite the availability of cheap labor.

(g)   It is known to all that post the Lok Sabha polls, the next challenge for the new government will be the paralyzed economy. Surely, the analysts are talking about the shift of governance to new hands; however the prime concern remains the economic collapse. The industrial sector is waiting for better investments and bull in the share market, while households are expecting trimmed down interest rates and inflation. Reliable answers to these concerns are still on their way and we can look forward to solutions in case the Modi-led union government comes into the picture.

Let’s also take a sneak peek into what the situation was during the NDA rule.

(h)   8.06 percent was the GDP growth for the FY 2004, which has declined to 4.96 in the FY 2013. In the same context, the agricultural growth rate, industry growth rate, and services growth rate were 9.05, 7.32, and 8.06 percent respectively in FY 2004, which fell to 1.79, 3.12, and 6.59 percent respectively in the FY 2013. The inflation rate (WPI) was 5.5 percent in FY 2004 which stretched to 7.8 percent in FY 2013. Significant to note, 8.4 million employment opportunities were added per year from 1999-2002 as compared to 3.9 million per year from 1993-1999. Also, the tenth five-year plan (2002-2007) had an outlay of INR 42850 crore for education, which was 1.7 times of the previous five-year plan.

(i)     Another noteworthy accomplishment was the construction of houses under the Indira Awaas Yojana. While only 53.29 lakh houses were built during the period, 1985 to 1998, the figure was 54.62 lakh new houses during the period, 1999-2004. Also, 61 percent increase in the GDP was realized in the FY 2003 as compared to the FY 1998 (INR 22,36,128 crore in 2003 as compared to INR 13,90,148 crore in 1998). In 2001, the literacy rate witnessed an unexpected rise to 65.5 percent, which was 52.2 percent in 1991. Figures are undoubtedly in favor of the NDA-led government and hence are appropriate to substantiate the caliber and vision.

It is clear from the above that after having inherited the robust economy from the previous regime of NDA, the present FM has decimated it to such an extent due to unsustainable and unproductive schemes and spending that the new government which will shortly enter the office will find the coffers empty and a sick economy. It is for the first time during the reign of the present Government that this country has faced a serious threat of sovereign downgrade. Despite that there is no remorse on the face and conduct of the present FM for his incompetence. This is really blatant. 

While every second news update on our televisions relates to politics, every third, nowadays, relates to the violation of model code of conduct. What makes leaders so stouthearted that they publicly challenge the laid down standards? Considerable to note, two eminent codes under the model code of conduct read (1) No party or candidate shall indulge in any activity which may aggravate existing differences or create mutual hatred or cause tension between different castes and communities, religious or linguistic, and (2) Criticism of other political parties, when made, shall be confined to their policies and programme, past record and work.

I remember the incidence when a minister in the MP state government was slapped with a notice for disregarding the model code on October 18^th 2013. He was accused of distributing money during campaigning and criticizing the EC code of conduct in public. The next news I heard was his 6^th consecutive win in the state elections. Shocked was I; however the incident was soon overlooked. The question that strikes is ‘Is EC incapable of ensuring stringent actions against such violations, or does EC let such infringements occur?’ Surely, the state is critical and calls for immediate rectifications so as to uphold the integrity of the process of electing public representatives. Mentioned hereunder are a few straight and severe violations followed by a conclusion.

It was uncomplicated for NCP chief, Sharad Pawar to advice voters to erase the ink mark and indulge in illicit voting both at Santara and Mumbai constituency. Later, Pawar claimed that his statement had a tinge of satire. The defilement, as usual, occasioned for an off-the-cuff warning by the EC. The SP leader motivated supporters not to care about the EC’s model codes during elections as the state is run by the SP and hence any cases against violators would subsequently be withdrawn. The inclusion of special treatment of cases against Muslims by judiciary bodies in the manifesto of AAP has crossed every imaginable limit of infringement.

Other prominent incidences include Sonia Gandhi’s appeal to the Muslim leaders for ensuring that the community votes do not split, Meghalaya’s CM Mukul Sangma misusing the public transport chopper service during the campaign for Daryl Momin, Raj Babbar extending the stipulated time during his roadshow, and Kejriwal violating the code by not seeking prior police approval for his roadshow in Gujarat. As per PTI, nearly 55,000 complaints were received by the EC till 19^th March for model code violations, not a figure to be proud of.

What is expected out of a constitutional body that is responsible to ensure fair and unprejudiced process of voting? Definitely, the EC has to stand tough and make its sturdy presence felt. Swift cognizance of defaults must be guaranteed followed by severe penal actions. Political leaders and parties must not only be warned of their violations, the violators must be debarred from contesting. Defined strategy and laid down procedures are the need of the hour. To uphold the honor of the democracy, the EC has to part with the laid-back attitude and has to deliver examples that can threaten those who are fearless of laws and authority.

The RBI on April 1, 2014 announced the first bi-monthly monetary policy, though no significant amendments have been made in comparison to the previous measures. I will discuss the prominent elements and then would come to a conclusion. The Repo rate remains unchanged at 8 percent. The Cash Reserve Ratio too remains unaltered at 4 percent, policy repo rate under LAF at 8 percent, and marginal standing facility and bank rate at 9 percent. However the liquidity provided under 7-days and 14-days term repos has been enhanced from 0.5 percent of NDTL to 0.75 percent. In the same context, liquidity provided under overnight repos under the LAF has been trimmed down from 0.5 percent of bank-wise NDTL to 0.25 percent.

The measures of the RBI concentrate at maintaining the economy on a disinflationary route wherein it is likely to hit 8 percent CPI inflation by January 2015 and 6 percent by January 2016. The GDP growth is projected to be around 5.5 percent for the FY 2014-15 promising little increase from below 5 percent during the FY 2013-14. This recovery would be contingent to the trust of consumers in the investment domain with improvements in the industrial sector. With uncertainty of south-west monsoon, the enhancement delivered by the agriculture sector in 2013 may fade. Discussed hereunder are the policy frameworks for different sectors of the economy. Post consulting the EC, the RBI can announce in-principle approval of new licenses. Modules like on-tap licensing and differentiated bank licenses can be introduced which will also embrace mergers in the banking sector.

By the end of May this year, draft framework for dealing with D-SIBs (Domestic Systematically Important Banks) is anticipated to be released. By the same time, Liquidity Risk Monitoring tools and guidelines related to Basel III Liquidity Coverage Ratio can also be expected. Guidelines would soon be issued that would facilitate banks to extend partial credit enhancements to corporate bonds. It is suggested that under the supervisory review of the RBI, banks must work to toughen governance standards to contain increasing NPAs. It is proposed to introduce, for Primary Dealers, a robust market making scheme wherein specific securities would be allocated to them. Plus, performance of Primary Dealers would be under review.

Foreign investment would be eased along with trouble-free KYC norms for opening of bank accounts by foreign portfolio investors. To allow Foreign Institutional Investors hedge their currency risk with use of exchange traded currency futures in the domestic exchanges, the RBI is in consultation with SEBI. Refined guidelines would be in place for commercial banks with a view to overcome the challenge of cash management of Business Correspondents. MSEs can expect some favors as banks have been asked to review their credit and loan policies for this sector. To encourage consumer protection, effective guidelines are proposed to be implemented in view of domestic as well as international best practices.

Now, what are the expectations from the upcoming bi-monthly policy review scheduled in June 2014? Definitely, RBI which has maintained status-quo with repo rates and bank rates would align the policies in view of the political environment then. The prevailing economic and political conditions do not permit rate cuts, however the picture would change, rather advance with the formation of a stable union government. Also, the industrial policies and bold decisions of the new government can allow RBI to reconsider bank rates. A lot would also depend upon the climatic and monsoon conditions that would affect the agricultural sector either adversely or favorably. Lastly, I would conclude with a view that the central bank must also tighten the handling of NPAs by banks which has been a prominent drawback in the efficiency of the banking sector.

The Human Resource department of any organization lays down certain criteria for selection of candidates. Of all the parameters experience and domain knowledge hold extreme weightage. The rule, however, does not seem to apply when we talk about the most vital staffing in the economy- the recruitment of MPs and MLAs. Filmstars and sportsmen are being fielded despite of the fact that they do not possess relevant experience of administration and the requisite know-how for running an economy. Unusual and unjustifiable this is.

Why at all political parties rely on celebrities to fetch support from the general public? Does this add glamor and thrill to the process of campaigning and conveying thoughts? I could comprehend why our television screens are flooded with advertisements wherein filmstars and sports personalities endorse a product/ service. Definitely, they are appealing and motivate the viewer to purchase. However, politics and governance of the nation are distinct grounds. Let’s discuss in brief about the candidates fielded in the upcoming polls that come from the entertainment industry, and the role that the general public plays in encouraging such involvements.

The list is lengthy and embraces filmstars ranging from first-timers to former MPs and MLAs. The Congress has fielded Nagma from Meerut, Raj Babbar from Ghaziabad, and Ravi Kishan from Jaunpur. This suddenly reminds me of the recent incidence wherein Nagma slapped a person in public, however such issues can be talked about later. The BJP has also bestowed upon the responsibility of fetching votes on the shoulders of numerous filmstars. The array includes much-experienced and sometimes rebellious Shatrughan Sinha from Patna Sahib, the controversial entrant Paresh Rawal from Ahmedabad East, Babul Suprio from Asansol, Joy Banerjee from Birbhum, Bappi Lahiri from Sreerampore, and Hema Malini from Mathura.

The so-called revolutionary party, AAP that advocated the selection of candidates on the basis of merits has fielded Gul Panag from Chandigarh. TMC has too relied on celebrities including Moon Moon Sen, Sandhya Sen, Superstar Dev, and Biswajit. Sportsmen are no way behind. While Rajyawardhan Singh Rathore, Mohd. Kaif and Dilip Tirkey would represent BJP, Congress and BJD respectively; Prarun Banerjee and Bhaichung Bhutia would represent TMC.  Let’s also wait and watch what magic does P C Sorcar brings in from Barasat constituency. Though the array includes many others, I would restrict this and would now come to a relevant conclusion.

It is considerable to note in the same context that Tamil Nadu has been administered by personalities belonging to the entertainment industry since the late 1960s. Jayalalitha has many a times proven her capabilities to rule and gather requisite support. Though any citizen can participate and contest elections, the will to bring in prosperity should be inseparable. The voters on the other hand must comprehensively weigh the candidature prior to concluding.

The winning of Amitabh Bachchan over H.N. Bahuguna, former CM of U.P. by one of the highest victory margins in the history of general elections is enough to reflect the attitude of public. Hence, the voters this time must be vigilant enough and should take wiser decisions. Lastly, competent candidates must surely be supported irrespective to the background they belong to. Of course, the spirit for serving the nation can come from anywhere.

Jayant Sinha, son of former union finance minister; Misha Bharti, daughter of former Chief Minister of Bihar; Chirag Paswan, son of LJP chief; and Pravesh Verma, son of former Chief Minister of Delhi. You must have comprehended my intentions and subject matter of writing. The upcoming Lok Sabha polls will witness the descendants of veteran political leaders contesting for the pride of their constituency, party, and family. While many are talking about delegation of power within the same family, let’s focus on the positive vibes that these young politicians bring into the political arena.

A son taking over the business run by his ancestors is rarely questioned; however the successors of politicians are questioned quite often. Is it unprincipled to follow the footsteps of ancestors in case they were active participants in the politics of the nation? Rather than blaming the leaders of passing on the task of administration to their heirs, shouldn’t we rely on the capabilities of the candidates while making judgments? The tasks of administrating, leading, decision-making, and uniting the nation with diverse communities and cultures call in for vision and management skills. And, if the candidate, despite being a daughter or granddaughter of a politician, is capable enough, the voters must deliver wise verdicts.

I will throw some light on the profile of the candidates who have been fielded for the first time in the upcoming polls and are backed by the support of their political ancestors. Karti Palaniappan Chidambaram, son of P Chidambaram holds a BBA degree from University of Texas and an LLB degree from Cambridge University. He has been active in politics since he was 14. Jayant Sinha pursued B.Tech from IIT Delhi and did his MBA from Harvard Business School. Abhishek Singh, son of Raman Singh, is an MBA from XLRI. On the same grounds, Chirag Paswan holds a B.Tech degree from Bundelkhand University and was the key personality who helped LJP tie knots with the BJP.

Pravesh Verma holds an MBA degree from Fore School of Management, while Sushmita Dev, daughter of Santosh Mohan Dev pursued LLM from King’s College, London University. Akon Bora’s son Manas Bora completed his LLB from BRM Law College, and Gaurav Gogoi, son of Assam CM Tarun Gogoi pursued Masters in Public Administration from New York University. The list includes Rajbala Ojha, daughter-in-law of Sis Ram Ola who did her PhD from Panjab University, and Dushyant Chautala, grandson of Om Prakash Chautala, who holds a BBA degree from California State University. Misha Bharti, daughter of Lalu Prasad Yadav is a qualified Doctor; Geetha Shivarajkumar, daughter of S. Bangarappa, Deepak Karma, son of Mahendra Karma, and Rajveer Singh, son of Kalyan Singh have pursued B.A.

My motive of writing is to realign the thoughts of the voters. Definitely, the most capable candidate must be paid heed to while voting. However, inferences should not be made on the basis of the past deliveries of the candidate’s ancestors. The constitution permits every citizen to pursue the career of his/her choice and hence the ancestors of politicians are free to enter in the arena of politics. Plus, it shall not be forgotten that their know-how and visionary capabilities are what will make a difference. Alertness and awareness of the voters are much-needed.